PROCUREMENT AND SUPPLIES PROFESSIONALS AND TECHNICIANS BOARD SYLLABUS FOR THE PROFESSIONAL STAGES IN...

PROCUREMENT AND SUPPLIES PROFESSIONALS AND

TECHNICIANS BOARD

Prepared and issued by:

Executive Director,

PSPTB,

P.O. Box 5993,

DAR ES SALAAM

31st December, 2014

Tel.: +255-22-2865860

Fax: +255-22-2862138

Email: [email protected]

Website: http://www.psptb.go.tz

PROFESSIONAL SYLLABUS

SYLLABUS FOR THE PROFESSIONAL STAGES IN

PROCUREMENT AND SUPPLIES MANAGEMENT

mailto:[email protected]

http://www.psptb.go.tz/

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Table of Contents

Introduction………..………………….…………..……….……..1

Object of the Syllabus…………………………………….……...2

Programme content........................................................................3

Programme examination structure…………………………….…4

Examinations timing and assessment……………………….……5

Research paper………………………………………………...…5

Recommended books………………………….…………………6

Teaching methodology/approaches……………..……………......6

Duration for coverage of Syllabus…………..……………………6

Subject codes…………………………………...…..……………6

Eligibility for candidates’ registration……………..……………..7

Candidacy duration……………..…………..……..……………..7

Examination applications……………………..………………….7

Payment of fees………………………………..…………………8

Examination results and certification….……………….………...8

PSPTB awards…………………………………….……………..9

Minimum Entry Qualifications…………..………………………9

Exemption criteria………………………………………………10

Credit transfer arrangement……………………………………..12

The Syllabus for Professional stage examination………………12

PROFESSIONAL STAGE ONE…………………………..…13

Procurement Management P1………………………….……….13

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Managerial Economics P2……………………….…….………..18

Management Principles and Practice P3…………………..……23

Legal Aspects of Procurement P4…………………………..…..27

PROFESSIONAL STAGE TWO….……………………....…32

Warehouse Management P5……………………….......………..32

Quantitative Methods P6………………………………….…….36

Freight Forwarding Management P7…………………….….…..44

Business Ethis and Corporate Governance P8……….…………51

PROFESSIONAL STAGE THREE……………….….……...51

Marketing Management P9…………………………….……….55

Financial Management P10……………………………….…….60

Production and Operations Management P11…………….…….65

Inventory Management P12………………………….…………69

PROFESSIONAL STAGE FOUR……..…………………….73

Public Procurement Management P13…………………...…..…73

Procurement Contracts Management P14………………...…….80

International Logistics and Transport P15………………………84

Interpreneurship P16………………………...………………….88

PROFESSIONAL STAGE FIVE……………………..……...91

Procurement and Supply Audit P17……………………………..91

Strategic Procurement and Supply Chain Management P18……96

Research Methodology and Consultancy P19…………...….....102

Procurement and Supply Chain Risks Management P20……...107

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LIST OF TABLES

Table 1: General Outline…………………….….………………3

Table 2: The criteria for minimum entry qualifications…..…...10

Table 3: The criteria for Exemption……………….…………...11

1

INTRODUCTION

ABOUT THE BOARD

The Procurement and Supplies Professionals and Technicians

Board was established by an Act of Parliament No. 23 of 2007 as

a Government Institution under the Ministry of Finance.

VISION

To become a centre of excellence in Procurement and Supplies

Management.

MISSION

To promote and develop the profession by imparting the members

with knowledge and skills necessary for effective and ethical

management of procurement and supplies functions through

training, research and professional services.

CORE VALUES

(a) Integrity

The Board will act in honest, ethical, and professional manner in

all endeavours, and fully disclose all pertinent information, uphold

the laws and their regulations demonstrate accountability, treat

everyone with fairness and respect.

(b) Professionalism

The Board will strive to act in all dealings in a professional,

proactive manner embodying ethical, consistent, frank and fair

decision making, based on the facts. It will provide services

through a highly skilled and competent workforce.

(c) Impartiality

The Board will treat people equally.

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(d) Accountability

The Board will be responsible, ethical, and diligent in decision

making, transactions, dealings and performance of Strategic Plan.

(e) Efficiency

Aim to optimize efficiency in the delivery of services by

implementing value for money practices.

(f) Customer focus

Customer-driven in all endeavours of the Board, sensitive and

responsive to customer needs, and high commitment to customer

care and satisfaction.

(g) Excellence

The Board is committed to excellence and the pursuit of

continuous improvement in its services and operations.

(h) Transparency.

The Board will actively promote the sharing of ideas and

information throughout the organization and be receptive to new

ideas including communicating openly to all its members, public

and other interested stakeholders.

OBJECTIVES OF THE SYLLABUS

This syllabus has been developed with the following objectives:-

(a) To equip learners with knowledge and skills in Procurement

and Supplies Management both as a discipline of specialized

knowledge and profession.

(b) To produce world class recognized professionals competent

in procurement and supplies field with due regard to

Tanzanian environment.

(c) To equip learners with knowledge and skills in procurement

and supply chain to work at middle and higher level

management positions.

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(d) To impart learners with knowledge, skills and attitudes on

the public procurement and other best practices in the World.

PROGRAMME CONTENT In order to achieve these objectives, the programme has been

divided into five professional stages, each stage comprising four

subjects. The whole programme consists of fifteen (15) core and

five (5) supporting subjects carefully integrated to equip learners

with the desired knowledge and competences. In addition, a

candidate will be required to write a Research paper as a partial

fulfillment of the award. The Professional level is geared towards

producing graduates who are able to operate at both middle level

and senior managerial positions.

The following is the outline of the programme:-

Table 1: General Outline

Stage Code Core Subjects Code Supporting

subjects

Professional

Stage I

P1 Procurement

Management

P2 Managerial

Economics

P4 Legal Aspects of

Procurement

P3 Management

Principles

and Practice

Professional

Stage II

P5 Warehouse

Management

P6 Quantitative

Methods

P7 Freight

Forwarding

Management

P8 Business Ethics

and Corporate

Governance

Professional

Stage III

P11 Production and

Operations

Management

P9 Marketing

Management

4

Stage Code Core Subjects Code Supporting

subjects

P12 Inventory

Management

P10 Financial

Management

Professional

Stage IV

P13 Public

Procurement

Management

P14 Procurement

Contracts

Management

P15 International

Logistics and

Transport

P16 Entrepreneurship

Professional

Stage V

P17 Procurement and

Supply Audit

P18 Strategic

Procurement and

Supply Chain

Management

P19 Research

Methodology

and Consultancy

P20 Procurement and

Supply Chain

Risks

Management

P21 Research Paper

PROGRAMME EXAMINATION STRUCTURE

The five stages of the examination structure have been carefully

designed so that they make an accumulation of professional

knowledge and competence. The subjects contained in each stage

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form a progression of knowledge and skills such that completion

of one stage helps in the next stage.

EXAMINATIONS TIMING AND ASSESSMENT

The Board’s examinations are conducted twice annually i.e. in

May and November. Each examination paper is of 3 hours

duration. A student is deemed as having passed the examination if

he or she has passed all subjects examined there in. A candidate

shall be referred on the failed subject(s). A candidate who is

referred in some subjects at any stage or failed to pass examination

in any stage shall be allowed to re-sit for the examinations in that

stage not more than three consecutive sessions only from the date

of the first sitting; failure to which he/she shall be required to

attempt the whole examination stage.

A candidate is not allowed to attempt any subject of a given part

unless he/she has passed all subjects in the proceeding part or has

been exempted from that part. However, a candidate with

exemptions in subjects of different parts may be allowed to sit for

the subjects not exempted from different parts at the same sitting

provided he/she proves to have the ability to do so, but the final

award of certificate will be given to such a candidate upon passing

all subjects required in all stages of Professional levels.

RESEARCH PAPER

Candidates are required to submit a research paper within two

years after successful completion of written examinations in the

final stage. The paper should be on any topic on logistics,

transportation, procurement and supply chain management as may

be approved by the Board. Candidates are advised to seek guidance

from the Board prior to writing the research paper. Candidate must

ensure that they submit research paper within the prescribed period

of 24 months without fail.

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RECOMMENDED REFERENCES

The list of books given for each subject is at best only suggestive

and indeed they are not exhaustive. Lecturers may use any of the

listed books or any other appropriate books on the subjects. Study

materials can be obtained from other sources such as journals,

internets and current review magazines provided they strongly

focus on the subject being taught and provide a relevant knowledge

towards that subject.

TEACHING METHODOLOGY/APPROACHES

The methods to be used for teaching the candidates shall include

lectures, role plays, case studies, exercises, home work,

assignments, discussions and seminars. Since the Board does not

directly involve itself in teaching, accredited tuition providers and

training institutions must ensure quality assurance in teaching and

delivery as per Board’s standards. Candidates are strongly advised

to register in accredited tuition providers and training institutions

for review programmes.

DURATION FOR COVERAGE OF SYLLABUS

The professional stage comprises of twenty written subjects and

one research paper. It is recommended that for each subject in the

written part a minimum of 180 teaching hours are needed before

one can attempt an examination. A total of 720 hours for each stage

of Professional Stages I to V are recommended, and 40 hours for

intensive research workshop. The whole programme of Certified

Procurement and Supplies Professional awards should be covered

in not less than 3,640 contact hours.

SUBJECT CODES

Each subject is given an identification code made up of a number

preceded by a letter. At this stage the identification letter code is P.

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ELIGIBILITY FOR CANDIDATES’ REGISTRATION

Registration for the Professional Stage is open to those who have

completed Foundation Stage or its equivalent. However,

exemptions may be granted on subject to subject basis to those with

other qualifications which the Board may judge to provide

sufficient knowledge and skills in line with the subject contents of

the Board’s syllabus.

CANDIDACY DURATION

A candidate who is referred in some subjects at any stage or failed

to pass examination in any stage shall be allowed to re-sit for the

examinations in that stage not more than three consecutive sessions

only, before the registration status is withdrawn.

EXAMINATION APPLICATIONS

In order to sit for the Board’s examinations candidates are required

to apply for:

(a) Candidacy Registration. This is when a candidate is applying

the first time. Such application will be made via formal

Application for Candidacy Registration Form obtainable

from the website or offices of the Board. The form must be

submitted together with three recently taken pass-port size

photographs and the appropriate application fee. A candidate

so registered will be issued with PSPTB identity card bearing

his/her photograph and a registration number.

(b) Examination Registration. This process is normally done

between December and February for the May examinations,

and between June and August for the November

examinations. The candidate must process and submit the

Examination Entry Registration Form affixed with stamp

size recently taken photograph together with the appropriate

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examination fee. On being so registered, the candidate will

be issued with Examination Admission Letter bearing

Examination Index Number, Centre of examination,

Timetable and Subjects to be attempted. This letter together

with PSPTB identity card are the only allowable and

authoritative documents giving entry to examination Hall.

No candidate will be allowed in the examination hall without

valid admission letter and PSPTB ID.

PAYMENT OF FEES

All payments to the Board’s services shall be made through PSPTB

accounts shown on the application forms. Candidates shall enclose

the original pay-in slip of the bank together with the relevant

application form. When filling in the pay in slip, candidates shall

carefully indicate their names, registration number and purpose of

the fees.

EXAMINATION RESULTS AND CERTIFICATION

Results for the examinations shall be communicated to the

candidates in writing after they have been so approved by the

Board of Directors. Statements of Results bearing the grades

scored in each subject shall be sent directly to the candidate using

the address appearing on the examination registration form while

the general results will be displayed at PSPTB website and notice

board. Transcripts showing cumulative status of performance shall

be issued to the candidate upon request after payment of relevant

fee and submission of two passport size photographs.

The results will be classified as follows:-

A = 80 - 100% - Distinction

B = 60 - 79% - Credit

C = 40 - 59% - Pass

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F = 20 -39% - Fail

BF = 0 - 19 - Bad fail

X = Absent

E = Exempted

P/N – Pass November

P/M – Pass May

PSPTB AWARDS

Upon successful completion of professional stage I to V and the

research paper the candidate shall be awarded THE CERTIFIED

PROCUREMENT AND SUPPLIES PROFESSIONAL (CPSP).

MINIMUM ENTRY QUALIFICATIONS

The following are minimum entry qualifications for joining the

programmes.

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Table 2: The Criteria for minimum entry qualifications

MINIMUM ENTRY QUALIFICATIONS

Stage Qualifications

Professional

Stage I

(i) Foundation Certificate in Procurement

and Supply or equivalent.

(ii) Ordinary Diploma (NTA 6) in

Procurement and Supply Management

(iii) Any Diploma specialized in Procurement

and Supply Management

(iv) Any other recognized 1st Degree other

than Procurement and Supply

Management

(v) Any other qualification recognized by the

Board as per quidelines.

Professional

Stage II

Professional Stage I.

Professional

Stage III

(i) Professional Stage II.

(ii) Higher Diploma (NTA 7) in Procurement

and Supply Management.

Professional

Stage IV

(i) Professional Stage III

(ii) Degree or Advanced Diploma (NTA 8)

in Procurement and Supply

Management or equivalent from

recognized Institutions.

Professional

Stage V

Professional Stage IV.

EXEMPTION CRITERIA

Institutions offering procurement and supply management related

programmes will be granted exemptions so long as their curricula

are evaluated and approved by the Board.

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Graduates from institutions not falling on the above category will

be exempted on subject to subject basis for none-core subjects.

Under no circumstances the exemptions will be granted on

professional subjects to candidates whose qualifications are not

majoring in procurement and supplies management specialization.

The Board will accept and grant exemptions to holders of

qualifications from other disciplines so long as they are from

recognized institutions. In so doing the Board will evaluate

qualifications and rate them as equivalent to specific Board’s level

programme depending on contact hours studied, length of the

programme, etc. The qualifications used for seeking exemptions

shall not be more than ten years old since acquisition.

Table 3: The Criteria for Exemption

Stage Qualification Subjects

Exempted

Professional

Stage I and III

Any Higher Diploma (NTA7) in

any discipline other than

Procurement and Supply

Management

Subject to

Subject

basis

Any First Degree/Advanced

Diploma (NTA8) in any

discipline other than

Procurement and Supply

Management

Subject to

Subject

basis

Any Post Graduate studies or

professional qualifications.

Subject to

Subject

basis

Professional

Stage IV/V

Any quqlifications No

exemption

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CREDIT TRANSFER ARRANGEMENT

Considering that the revised syllabus shall be tested for the first

time in November. 2016, credit transfers have been designed such

that all candidates who previously passed the Boards examinations

or those with a valid referral status in the syllabus being phased out

(January, 2010 – November, 2014 syllabus) do not suffer or be

penalized because of coming into effect of this new syllabus

(January 2016 syllabus). The Board may limit the credit transfer to

two years following commencement of this syllabus so as to allow

those candidates with referred subjects to clear them whilst

enjoying credits already obtained earlier in their previous

examinations. In this credit transfer, candidates who had

previously passed one stage in the phased out syllabus will qualify

to continue to the next level in the new syllabus.

THE SYLLABUS FOR PROFESSIONAL STAGE

EXAMINATION

In this programme a total of 21 subjects from Professional stage

I to V (P1 to P21) are examined. Professional stage I comprises

of P1 to P4, Professional stage II comprises of P5 to P8,

Professional stage III comprises of P9 to P12, Professional stage

IV comprises of P13 to P16 and Professional stage V comprises

of P17 to P20 and P21 is the Research Paper. The details for the

subjects are as follows:-

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PROFESSIONAL STAGE ONE

1.0 SUBJECT: PROCUREMENT MANAGEMENT

2.0 CODE: P1

3.0 LEVEL: PROFESSIONAL STAGE I

4.0 SUBJECT OBJECTIVES:

(a) To equip learners with modern knowledge in

Procurement

(b) To enable learners to apply the acquired knowledge

and skills in problem solving and decision making

(c) To enable learners procure effectively with due regards

to ethical standards.

5.0 SUBJECT CONTENT AND LEARNING OUTCOMES

5.1 Introduction to Procurement Management

Learners being able to:-

(a) Demonstrate procurement as a profit centre.

(b) Analyze procurement objectives.

(c) Demonstrate role of procurement in corporate

planning.

5.2 Procurement organizations


(a) Apply principles of organizing the procurement

functions.

(b) Examine procurement organization in terms of Dept.

PMU, Tender Boards and purchase committees.

(c) Analyze complex procurement project.

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5.3 Procurement contract and purchase orders Learner being able to:-

(a) Examine Procurement procedures.

(b) Examine steps in procurement.

(c) Analyze stages involved in procurement management

cycle.

(d) Examine purchase requisition.

5.4 Specifications and Quality Management


(a) Describe types of specification and their use.

(b) Describe role of buyer/supplier in specification

development.

(c) Describe role of user in development specification,

quality descriptions and assurance.

5.5 Sourcing


(a) Explain sourcing process.

(b) Apply sourcing information in supplier section.

(c) Analyze market condition.

(d) Apply E-sourcing.

(e) Examine procurement of capital items, framework

contract and common use items.

5.6 Price and price analysis


(a) Demonstrate pricing agreement.

(b) Analyze price and cost.

5.7 Right quantity


(a) Analyze Economic Order Quantity, EBQ, JIT, MRPI,

MRPII, ERP, DRP, VMI.

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5.8 Timing of Procurement


(a) Apply time management.

(b) Apply scheduling delivery and work schedule

methods.

5.9 Negotiation


(a) Apply price and cost in negotiations.

(b) Demonstrate preparations for negotiation.

(c) Apply negotiation strategy and tactics.

5.10 Delivery and order closing


(a) Demonstrate order follow up and receiving process.

(b) Prepare necessary documentation for inspection and

receiving.

(c) Prepare handover note for storage or transportation.

5.11 Certification and payments


(a) Prepare and certify delivery and contract closure

documents.

(b) Certify payments documents and contract closure

documents.

5.12 Application of Information and Communication

Technology in procurement


(a) Analyze benefits of ICT.

(b) Analyze best options.

(c) Analyze databases in procurement.

(d) Evaluate and apply ICT in procurement process.

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5.13 Procurement Ethics


(a) Describe ethics, frauds and corruption.

(b) Examine brief environmental considerations.

5.14 Principles of public procurement


(a) Apply principles of public procurement.

(b) Demonstrate the five pillars of procurement.

5.15 Public procurement methods


(a) Apply methods of public procurement.

(b) Analyze conditions for use.

5.16 Public procurement planning


(a) Demonstrate planning process.

(b) Evaluate importance of planning.

(c) Analyze types of procurement.

(d) Demonstrate administrative review system.

6.0 RECOMMENDED REFERENCES

1. Arnold, Tony J.R, Chapman Stephen, N. and Clive, M.

Lloyd, (2008), Introduction to Materials Management,

6th Edition, Prentice Hall – UK.

2. Chopra, S and Meindt P (2006), Supply chain

management and strategy, planning and operation, 3rd

Edition, Prentice Hall.

3. Dobbler Donald, W. and Burt David, N. (1997),

Purchasing and Supply Management text and cases,

6th Edition, Tata Mc Graw Hill – India.

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4. Dobbler, D. and Lamar, Lee, (1996), Purchasing and

Materials Management, Tata Mc Graw Hill – India.

5. Lyson, K. and Farringor B. (2006), Purchasing and

Supply Chain Management, UK.

6. M.A. Beg, Manoj Kumar Dash (2010) Managerial

Economics, Global professional publishing.

7. Morrison, Alex and David, Jossop, (2005), Storage and

Supply of Materials, 6th Edition Prentice Hall – UK.

8. Quale, M.J. (2006) Purchasing and supply chain

management and strategy 2nd Edition, Financial

times/Prentice Hall.

Journals and publications

1. Procurement and Supply Journals.

2. Tanzania Procurement Journals.

3. International procurement and supply chain

management journals.

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1.0 SUBJECT: MANAGERIAL ECONOMICS

2.0 CODE: P2


4.0 SUBJECT OBJECTIVES

(a) To equip learners with knowledge and skills required

for problem solving and decision making in

procurement and supply management.

(b) To enable learners apply concepts and theories of

managerial economics in procurement and supply

management.

5.0 SUBJECT CONTENTS AND LEARNING

OUTCOMES

5.1 Introduction to Economics


(a) Define Economics, Microeconomics and

Macroenomics.

(b) Distinguish between positive Economics and

normative Economics.

(c) Define Managerial Economics.

(d) Explain perspective of Managerial Economics.

5.2 The Basic Economic Problems


(a) Explain scarcity and choice of resources.

(b) Explain fundamental concepts of opportunity cost.

(c) Explain factors of production.

(d) Identify impact of economic problems on a society.

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5.3 Demand and supply


(a) Explain the determinants of demand and supply.

(b) Identify and explain laws of demands and supply.

(c) Identify and explain consumers and consumer

behaviour.

(d) Identify demand side of market.

(e) Determine price equilibrium and actual price.

(f) Explain the effects of shifts in the supply curve.

(g) Calculate price elasticity of demand and elaciticity of

supply.

(h) Identify marginal utility and exchange minimizing

utility.

5.4 Market structures


(a) Identify conditions and limitations of perfect

competition.

(b) Explain the impact of price and output in short and

long runs.

(c) Distinguish between monopolistic competition and

oligopoly.

(d) Explain characteristics of monopolistic competition.

(e) Explain major behaviour of oligopoly and stability of

prices.

(f) Explain characteristics of collusion of cartels and

mergers.

(g) Explain characteristics of oligopoly, duopoly,

monopoly and monopsony.

5.5 Production and costs


(a) Explain production function.

(b) Identify types of inputs of production and costs.

(c) Explain effect of cost on output under short and long

run.

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(d) Describe law of diminishing return and learning curve

in optimal input decision.

(e) Describe the cost function, fixed cost, variable cost,

total cost, average cost and marginal cost and their

effect in long and short run.

5.6 Profit and profitability analysis


(a) Explain role of economic profit.

(b) Compare and contrast theories of profit such as profit

due to monopoly, profit due to technological

development and innovation, accounting and

economic profit.

(c) Describe and apply break even analysis.

5.7 Market for labour


(a) Evaluate economic analysis, labour market and labour

force.

(b) Describe unemployment, pay differentials, theories of

bargaining and the price of labour.

(c) Enterpret demand and supply curves for labour.

5.8 Investments


(a) Define the role of investments.

(b) Identify and explain determinants of investments.

(c) Describe uncertainty and cycles.

(d) Describe marginal efficiency of investments, interest

rate, capitalization of assets and rate of return on

investment.

(e) Identify and assess stock market, vertical integration

and diversification.

21

5.9 Money and Banking


(a) Identify and explain nature and functions of money.

(b) Explain money as commodity, measuring of money

and exchange rate.

(c) Describe demand and supply of money.

(d) Explain functions of Central Bank and Commercial

Banks.

(e) Describe Bank deposits and money creation, Banks

charges and interests.

5.10 Inflation


(a) Define and explain inflation and causes of inflation.

(b) Describe types and effects of inflation.

(c) Decribe role of government and financial institutions

in arresting inflation.

(d) Distinguish between inflationary and deflationary

gaps.

5.11 Economic role of Government


(a) Describe the process of formulating Fiscal policies.

(b) Describe Government budgeting process.

(c) Describe Government role in provision of public good,

redistribution of income, stabilization of economy and

improving standard of living.


1. Bradley, R. Schiller ,(2005), Essentials of Economics,

5th Edition Mc Graw Hill – Irwin USA

2. Browning, E., (2001), Microeconomic Theory and

Application, Mark & Zupan, USA

22

3. Dwivedi DN, (2004), Managerial Economics, 6th

Edition VIKAS

4. James Brickley, Jerold Zimmerman, Jr. Clifford W.

Smith (2008) Managerial Economics and

Organization structure. McGraw Hill/Irwin

5. Luke M. Froeb, Brian T, McCann, Michael R. Ward,

Mike Shor (2013) Managerial Economics (upper level

economics titles) Cengage Learning.

6. Pancer, David Nellis Joseph, (2006), Principles of

Business Economics, 2nd Edition Financial

Times/Prentice Hall.

7. Paul Keat, Phili K. Young, Steve Erfle, (2013)

Managerial Economics 7th Edition. Pearson.

8. Saleemi N.A, (2005), Simplified Economics, Saleemi

Publications.

9. Thomas J. Webster, (2003), Managerial economics,

theory and practice academic press, Elsevier

USA.

10. William F. Samuelson, Stephen G. Mc (2011)

Managerial Economics. 7th Edition Willy.

23

1.0 SUBJECT: MANAGEMENT PRINCIPLES AND

PRACTICE

2.0 CODE: P3



(a) To equip learners with modern management principles

and practice.

(b) To enable learners apply knowledge and skills of

management principles in effective performance of

procurement and supply functions.


OUTCOMES

5.1 Introduction


(a) Explain the nature and scope of management.

(b) Explain the evolution of management theories and

approaches.

(c) Identify and explain the influence of the internal and

external environment.

5.2 Organizational theory


(a) Identify and explain organizational theories e.g.

classical and modern.

(b) Distinguuish and explain the structures and principles

of organization.

(c) Explain departmentation, centralization, decentralition

processes.

(d) Explain delegation and staff line relationship.

24

(e) Explain power, authority and responsibility in

management.

5.3 Management functions


(a) Identify and explain functions of management.

(b) Apply functions of management in procurement and

supply.

5.4 Motivation theories and techniques


(a) Define motivation.

(b) Identify key theories of motivation.

(c) Explain the importance of motivation theories.

(d) Apply motivation theories in procurement and supply

functions.

(e) Identify and explain the limitations of motivation

theories.

5.5 Development of Human Resources


(a) Determine staffing needs.

(b) Describe job analysis, skills and attributes.

(c) Explain staff selection and performance evaluation.

(d) Explain training and development.

(e) Explain staff promotion, discipline and job

satisfaction.

5.6 Organizational behaviour


(a) Define organizational behaviour.

(b) Explain role of individuals and groups in organization.

(c) Explain importance of organization culture.

(d) Explain working environment and team building.

25

5.7 Modern management techniques


(a) Identify modern management techniques.

(b) Describe strategic management and strategy

formulation and implementation.

(c) Describe total quality management technique.

(d) Explain roles of quality systems and improvement

cycles.

5.8 Contemporary issues in management


(a) Identify emerging issues in management.

(b) Describe change management.

(c) Describe risk management.

(d) Describe management techniques such as MBO,

MBWA, Management by crisis, Management by

exception.

(e) Explain managing cultural issues.

5.9 Industrial relations


(a) Define labour relations.

(b) Explain staff regulations, legal and regulatory

influence.

(c) Explain role of trade unions and industrial costs.

(d) Explain conflicts and its management in organizations.


1. Blunt, P. and Oladeji E. Popoola, (1992), Managing

Organizations in Africa,Walter De-Gruyter & Co.-

Berlin.

2. Chandan J.S. (2004) Management Theory and Practice,

Vikas Publishing.

26

3. Gole, G.A, (2004), Management Theory and Practice,

DP Publications Ltd.

4. Gupta C.B. (2001) Management Theory and Practice,

Sultan Chand and Sons, New Delhi.

5. Gupta C.B., (1997), Management Theory and Practice,

Sultan Chand & Sons, New Delhi.

6. Jones, Gareth, (2006), Organization theory, Design

and change, 5th Edn. Prentice Hall.

7. Koontz, Harold WEihrich, Heinz, (2005), Essentials of

Management, 6th Edn. Tata Mc Graw – Hill – India.

8. Lawton, A. and A.G. Rose, (1991), Organization and

Management in the Public sector, Pitman Publishing

C., London.

9. Tony Niderb, (2004), Principles of Management, 2nd

Edn. Ashgate.

10. Wheeten, Tom Hunger David, 2005, Strategic

Management and Business Policy, 10th Edn. Prentice

Hall.

27

1.0 SUBJECT: LEGAL ASPECTS OF

PROCUREMENT

2.0 CODE P4



(a) To expose learners to the legal concepts in business

transactions.

(b) To provide learners with requisite knowledge and

skills of understanding procurement and supply

legal framework.

(c) To enable learners address legal challenges facing the

procurement and supply function.


5.1 Overview of business laws affecting procurement

and supply management

Learner being able to:-

(a) Identify and describe laws affecting procurement and

supplies.

(b) Describe contract formation, essential elements of a

valid contracts, void, voidable and illegal contracts,

privity to contracts, contract in restraint of trade,

discharge, breach and frustration of contract.

(c) Describe nature ad definition of contract of sale of

goods, transfer of title and risks.

(d) Explain conditions and warranties, performance of the

contract, acceptance and rejection of goods, partial

deliveries remedies for breach of a contract, rights of

unpaid seller.

28

(e) Distinguish between sale of goods, contracts and other

types of supply contracts for works and materials.

(f) Identify and describe nature of agency, its appointment

formation and types.

(g) Describe rights and duties of principle and agent

reliability for an authorized acts, principle agent

relationship, agent relation to third parties and

termination of agency.

(h) Describe the law of insurance its general principles,

types of insurance, breach of insurance contracts,

assignment and transferability of policies.

(i) Describe negotiable instruments, their functions,

parties to it, endorsement and presentation and notice

of dishonor.

(j) Describe laws governing transferability of negotiable

instruments. Rights and liabilities to the parties of a

letter of credit.

(k) Describe law of guarantee its formation, contract of

indemnity and contracts of

(l) Describe law of higher purchase, condition and

warranties, and chattel mortgage.

(m) Describe relationship between partners formation

liabilities and dissolution.

(n) Describe law of torts, negligence, conspiracy, deceit

and the vicarious liabilities.

(o) Describe law of bankruptcy proceedings official

receiver and trustee, bankrupt offences, deeds of

arraignment, properties of bankrupt and its

distribution.

5.2 Procurement officer and applicable laws


(a) Analyze legal responsibility of procurement officer in

public and private sector.

(b) Explain personal liability and authority of supplier

representatives.

29

5.3 Procurement contract


(a) Identify the nature and significance of procurement

contracts.

(b) Apply procurement contracts in business.

5.4 Right of inspection


Analyze Commercial law, company law and related laws

5.5 Patents and product liability


Analyze patents and product liability

5.6 Commercial arbitration and settlements of disputes


Describe disputes process, conciliation, litigation in court

and arbitration process.

5.7 Company Law


(a) Describe types of companies, their formation and

promotion.

(b) Differentiate registration process, memorandum and

articles of association.

(c) Describe types of share, rights of shareholders,

accounts and auditors, directors and minority

protection.

(d) Describe regulatory framework, meetings, statutory

returns, winding up.

5.8 Procurement laws in Tanzania.


Describe PPA, 2011 in procurement transactions.

30

5.9 Roles of commercial regulatory institutions in

Tanzania


Describe the roles of commercial regulatory institutions in

Tanzania.

6.0 RECOMMENDED REFERENCE

1. Arora, A., (1983), Practical Business Law, Macdonald

& Evans Ltd, London.

2. Atiyah P.S. - Sale of Goods

3. Borrie, G.J. (1996), Commercial Law, 6th Ed.;

Buttersworths, London, UK.

4. Chance, E.W.,(1980), Principles of Mercantile Law,

2nd Edition, Cassell Ltd. London.

5. Cheshire, G.C. & Fifoot, H.C.S. (1996), The law of

contract, 12th Edition Buttersworths; London, UK.

6. Kapoor, N.D. (1980), Elements of Mercantile Law,

Sultan Chand & Sons, New Delhi, India.

7. Kapoor, N.D. (1992), Commercial Law, Sultan Chand

& Sons, New Delhi, India.

8. Keenan, D. & Riches, S. (1990), Business Law, 2nd

Edition, Pitman, London.

9. Smitthoff, C.M. (1977), Charlesworth’s mercantile

law, 13th Edition Stevens; London, UK.

10. Tom Cannon, (1994), Corporate Responsibility;

Pitman Pub.; London, UK.

31

Statute

1. United Republic of Tanzania, The Procurement and

Supplies Professionals and Technicians Act No. 23

(2007) Government Printers, Dar es Salaam,

Tanzania.

2. United Republic of Tanzania Act supplement No.7

(2011) The Public Procurement Act No. 23 (20011)

and its Regulation 2013, Government Printers, Dar es

Salaam, Tanzania.

3. United Republic of Tanzania Act Supplement (2001)

The Public Finance Act No. 6(2001) and its Regulation

2004, Government Printers, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania.

4. Public Corporations Act

5. Sale of Goods Ordinance Cap 214

6. Banking and Financial Institutions Act, 1991

7. Bills of Exchange Ordinance

8. Capital Markets and Securities Act

9. Cheques Act, 1969

10. Companies Act

11. Hire Purchase Act, 1965

12. Law of Contract Ordinance Cap 334

32

PROFESSIONAL STAGE TWO

1.0 SUBJECT: WAREHOUSE MANAGEMENT

2.0 CODE: P5

3.0 LEVEL: PROFESSIONAL STAGE II


(a) To acquaint learners with knowledge on cost and

service characteristics involved in warehousing

decisions procedures.

(b) To examine in depth principles, techniques and

methods involved in efficient warehouse operations.

(c) To enable learners apply appropriate principles and

techniques in warehouse management.


5.1 The basic philosophy of warehouse management


(a) Analyze role and responsibilities of warehouse

manager.

(b) Explain the role of warehouse functions in an

organization.

(c) Explain the advantages and disadvantages of

Centralization and decentralization of warehouse

functions.

(d) Examine the performance evaluation of warehouse and

its contribution.

5.2 Warehouses and Stock yards


(a) Analyze location of warehouse and stockyards

prerequisite for design futures contraction of

33

warehouse and stockyards, cost consideration and

hiring of storage accommodation, classification of

storage premises.

(b) Examine public and private safety features, security

features and fire precaution

5.3 Warehouse administration


(a) Analyze internal layout of the warehouse and buildings

in relation to other physical facilities.

(b) Describe stock location system and organization.

(c) Analyze aspect of safety and security and fire

precaution.

(d) Demonstrate organizing and training manpower.

5.4 Nature of materials and their storage


(a) Describe classification of materials and their storage

requirements.

(b) Analyze physical and materials characteristics.

(c) Analyze specialized storage systems.

(d) Describe specialize storage systems and types of

hazards.

5.5 Storage equipment and methods


(a) Describe storage equipments and their cost.

(b) Describe and evaluate storage methods and systems of

storage.

5.6 Packaging, Packing and Preservation


(a) Analyze packing and packaging materials.

(b) Explain preservation and packaging process.

34

(c) Describe container and scraps and utilization and

disposal.

5.7 Materials handling


(a) Explain materials handling functions, nature and

scope.

(b) Describe principles of handling economics of handling

and handling methods.

(c) Differentiate materials handling equipment, safety,

precautions and legal requirements.

5.8 Legislation relating to warehouse and stockyard


Apply legislation relating to warehouse and stock yards.

5.9 Warehouse Identification and ICT Systems


(a) Analyze the application of computers in storage

system and handling system.

(b) Apply modern warehouse tools for safety security and

fire precaution (Surveillance Cameras, CCTV, Fire

sensors, EPOS, Alfa and numerical identification, bar

codes control devices)

5.10 Disposal of Stocks


(a) Describe disposal of assets. reasons for disposal.

(b) Apply methods of disposal.

5.11 Outsource warehousing services


(a) Describe outsourcing stock management process,

vendor manage inventory, stockless inventory system,

just in time stocks management.

35

(b) Describe environmental issues related to outsource

warehouse services.

(c) Describe security and safety aspects.

(d) Describe obsolete redundant and scrap management.


1. Ammer D.S. (1987), Materials Management 3rd

Edition; Irwin; Illinois, USA;

2. Burton, J.A., (1980), Effective Warehousing,

McDonalds and Evans, London.

3. Carter, R.J. (1985), Stores Management and Related

Operations, 2nd Edition; McDonald and Evans,

London.

4. Compton, H.K., (1979), Stores and Stockyard

Management, 2nd Edition; Uk.

5. Compton, H.K., (1985), Supplies and Materials

Management 3rd Edition Macdonald and Evans,

London.

6. Jenkins, C.H. (1990), Modern Warehouse

Management; The chartered Institute of Purchasing

and Supply, UK;

7. Jessop, D. and Morrison, A. (2005), Storage and

Supply of Materials; 6th Edition. Pearson Prentice Hall

- UK

8. Michal, lin Hompel and Thornskin, Schmidt (2005)

Warehouse Management Automation of Warehouse

and Order packing.

9. Morris, W.T.1(986), Analysis for Materials handling

Management.

10. Tayler, and Corenthal (1988), Materials Handling,

Traffic and Transportation; UK.

11. Warman, J. (1980), Warehouse Management,

Heinemann, London.

36

1.0 SUBJECT: QUANTITATIVE METHODS

2.0 CODE: P6



(a) To provide learners with analytical skills for decision

making.

(b) To enable learners to apply quantitative tools for

problem solving.

(c) To enable learners to apply statistical methods and

technique to manage inventory.


OUTCOMES

5.1. Statistical analysis

5.1.1. Probability theory


(a) Define probability.

(b) Explain types of probability.

(c) Explain basic rules of probability.

(d) Explain Baye’s theorem

(e) Calculate conditional probabilities.

(f) Develop probability distribution using simple

experiments such as probability distribution of

number of heads in 3 tosses of a fair coin.

(g) Calculate expected value of probability

distribution.

(h) Calculate variance of probability distribution.

(i) Explain requirements of Binomial probability

distribution.

37

(j) Calculate mean and variance of Binomial

probability distribution.

(k) Explain requirements of poisson probability

distribution.

(l) Calculate mean and variance of poisson

probability distribution.

(m) Explain characteristics of normal probability

distribution.

(n) Calculate normal probability distribution.

5.1.2. Decision theory


(a) Explain four anatomy of decision making

process (decision environment, objective of

decision making, alternative and possible states

of nature, the pay off table).

(b) Explain decision models (Competitive and

probability decision moldes).

(c) Apply competitive decision models (Maximax,

maximin, minimax, minimax regret) to reach

decision.

(d) Apply expected values (expected monetary

value, expected loss) to reach a decision.

(e) Compute expected value under perfect

information.

(f) Calculate value of perfect information.

(g) Apply decision tree to determine the best

decision alternative among the given

alternatives.

5.1.3. Estimation


(a) Define statistics and Parameters.

(b) Define Estimator.

(c) Provide characteristics of a good estimator.

(d) Define point estimate and interval estimate.

38

(e) Construct confidence interval for the mean and

for the difference between two means.

(f) Construct confidence interval for population

proportion.

(g) Construct confidence interval for population

variance.

(h) Calculate sample size required for the estimation

of population mean, population proportion and

population total.

5.1.4. Hypothesis testing


(a) Define hypothesis.

(b) Define type 1 error and type II error.

(c) Explain one tailed test and two tailed test.

(d) Provide hypothesis testing procedures.

(e) Apply hypothesis testing procedure to test mean,

proportion and difference between two means

both for large samples and small samples.

(f) Define chi-square test.

(g) Apply chi-square test to test for independency

between two variables.

5.1.5. Regression and correlation analysis


(a) Explain purpose of regression analysis

(b) Define independent and dependent variables.

(c) Use scatter diagram to explain types of

relationship that exist between two variables.

(d) Obtain regression equation of dependent variable

an independent variable.

(e) Use regression equation to estimate value

dependent variable from the value of the

independent variable.

(f) Explain purpose of correlation analysis.

(g) Calculate coefficient of correlation.

39

(h) Calculate rank correlation coefficient.

5.1.6. Time series Analysis


(a) Define time series.

(b) Explain components of time series (trend,

seasonal, cyclical, and irregular).

(c) Explain additive model and multiplicative

model.

(d) Explain methods of extracting trend

components.

(e) Calculate trend values using moving is average

method.

(f) Calculate trend values using least square method.

(g) Explain methods of extracting seasonal

components assuming additive model.

(h) Explain methods of extractive seasonal

components assuming multiplicative model.

(i) Calculate seasonal components

(j) Deseasonalize time series data.

5.2. Operations Research

5.2.1. Linear programming


(a) Formulate liner programming model.

(b) Apply graphical method to solve linear

programming problem.

(c) Explain special cases that may be uncounted

when using graphical method (infeasibility,

unboundedness alternate optimal solutions).

(d) Define simplex method.

(e) Explain requirements of simplex method.

(f) Solve linear programming using simplex

method.

40

(g) Describe special cases which may be

encountered when using simplex method

(infeasibility, unboundedness, alternate optimal

solution and legendary cases).

(h) Define dual.

(i) Explain how to change primal formulation to

dual formulation.

(j) Solve the dual formulation of linear

programming problem.

(k) Explain how to extract solution of primal from

the final simplex table of the dual and vice versa.

5.2.2. Transportation and assignment

Learners are being able to:-

(a) Explain objective of transportation algorithm.

(b) Describe requirements of a transportation

problem.

(c) Explain initial solution of transportation problem

using North West Corner Method (NWCM),

Minimum Cost Method (MCM), Vogel’s

Approximation Method (VAM).

(d) Explain how to handle degeneracy cases

occuring in Minimum Cost Method (MCM),

North West Corner method (MWCM) and in

Vogel’s Approximation Method (VAM).

(e) Explain how to handle unacceptable routes.

(f) Apply stepping stone method and the Modified

Distribution method (MODI) to get final

solution.

(g) Explain the objective of the assignment

algorithm.

(h) Solve assignment problem using Hungarian

method.

(i) Solve unacceptable assignment problems.

(j) Explain how to handle maxmization assignment

problems.

41

5.2.3. Inventory control


(a) Define inventory.

(b) Explain types and functions of inventory.

(c) Compute Economic Order Quantity and its

related costs using Basic Economic Order

Quantity model, Shortage Model, Back Order

Model, Lot Size Model and Quantity Discount

Model.

(d) Calculate reorder point when both lead time and

demand/usage rate are constant.

(e) Calculate reorder point when demand/usage rate

is varying but lead time is constant.

5.2.4. Queuing Theory


(a) Define queuing system.

(b) Explain characteristics of queuing system.

(c) Explain measures of system performance

(operating characteristics).

(d) Solve single channel (server) queuing system.

(e) Develop queuing cost model.

5.2.5. Network Analysis


(a) Construct arrow and activity on node diagrams.

(b) Perform network calculations Earliest Start Time

(EST), Earliest Finish Time (EFT), Latest Start

Time (LST), Latest Finish Time (LFT) and

calculate duration of the project.

(c) Calculate total float of every activity

(d) Apply Performance Evaluation Reveiew

Technique (PERT) to analyse network.

(e) Apply crashing procedure to reduce project

duration.

(f) Apply Gant chart to allocate resources

42

5.2.6. Sequencing


(a) Explain concept of sequencing.

(b) Sequencing of N-Jobs in two facilities AB in that

order and calculate idle times.

(c) Sequencing of N-jobs in three facilities ABC in

that order and calculate idle times.

(d) Sequencing of N-jobs in four facilities ABCD in

that order and calculate idle times.

(e) Sequencing of two jobs in N-facilities.

6. RECOMMENDED REFERENCES

1. Banny Render, Ralph, M. Stair, JR. and Michael, E.

Hanna, 9th Edition (2006) , Quantitative Analysis for

Management.

2. Baradyana Joseph, S. and Ame Ahmed, M, (2005),

Quantitative Techniques for Business Decisions –

Mkuki na Nyota Publications Tanzania.

3. Gupta, M.P. and Khanna, R.B. (2004) Quantitative

techniques for decision making.

4. Jon Curwin and Roger Slather, 6th edition (2008),

Quantitative methods for Business decision.

5. Kothari, CR, (2004), An introduction to operational

research, 3rd revised edition reprint Vikas Publishing

House – India

6. Lucey Terry, (2002), Quantitative techniques, 6th

Edition, Cengage Learning EMEA

7. Mik Winsniewski, (2006), Quantitative methods for

decision making, 4th Edition Pearson prentice Hall Uk.

43

8. Render Barry, Ralph, M. Stair Jr and Michael, E.

Hanna Quantitative analysis for management, 9th

Edition. Pearson prentice Hall – Uk

9. Shama JK, (2006), Operations Research Theory and

application, 2nd Edn. Mc Millan – India

10. Taha Hamdy A., Operations Research an introduction,

8th Edn. Pearson Prentice Hall UK

11. Waters Donald, 4th edition (2008), Quantitative

methods for Business.

44

1.0 SUBJECT: FREIGHT FORWARDING

MANAGEMENT

2.0 CODE: P7



(a) To equip learners with knowledge of Freight

Forwarding Management.

(b) To enable learners demonstrate the required

knowledge of Freight Forwarding Management.


OUTCOMES

5.1. Introduction to Freight Forwarding Management


(a) Describe fundamental principles of freight forwarding

(b) Explain the importance of Freight Forwarding

function.

(c) Identify and describe the role of Freight Forwarding in

International Procurement.

(d) Describe the activities of a Freight Forwarding.

5.2. International Organizations in Freight Forwarding

and Trade


(a) Describe roles and functions of the following

organizations:-

(i) UNCTAD – United Nations Conference on

Trade and Development.

(ii) ICC – International Chamber of Commerce.

(iii) WCO – World Customs Organization.

(iv) WTO – World Trade Organization.

45

(v) FIATA – International Federation of Freight

Forwarders Associations.

(vi) ISO – International Organization of

Standardization.

5.3. Air, Land and Sea Freight Transport


(a) Describe Air, land and Sea Freight transport.

(b) Explain modes of transport.

(c) Identify and explain instructions for transporting

goods.

(d) Evaluate problems associated with freight transport.

5.4. Organizations of the Freight Forwarding Company


(a) Describe the organization of the freight forwarding

company.

(b) State and explain general freight forwarding

procedures.

(c) Explain quality management system ISO 9001.

5.5. Freight Forwarding Processes


(a) Explain documents, forms and permits in freight

forwarding.

(b) Explain procedures and protocols for the preparation

and processing of documentation, forms and permits in

international procurement.

(c) Describe responsibilities and liabilities of the freight

forwarders in ensuring that all required documents

forms are prepared.

(d) Carry out freight forwarding process.

5.6. International Commercial Terms (Incoterms)


(a) Explain Inco terms, their purposes and use.

46

(b) Apply Inco terms, in freight forwarding.

(c) Explain the importance of Incoterms in freight

forwarding.

5.7. Freight Insurance


(a) Describe principles and procedures of freight

insurance.

(b) Describe types of freight insurance.

(c) Apply freight insurance procedures in freight

forwarding.

5.8. Methods of International Banking and Payment


(a) Describe methods of international banking and

payment used in freight forwarding.

(b) Evaluate international banking and payment methods

used in freight and forwarding.

5.9. Information and Communication Technology in

Freight Forwarding


(a) Explain the importance of Information and

Communication Technology in freight forwarding.

(b) Apply Information and Communication Technology in

freight forwarding.

(c) Assess the effectiveness of Information and

Communication Technology in freight forwarding.

5.10. FIATA Model Rules for Freight Forwarding

Services


(a) Describe International Federation of Freight

Forwarders Associations (FIATA) Model Rules for

Freight Forwarding Services.

47

(b) Evaluate application of International Federation of

Freight Forwarders Associations (FIATA) Model

Rules for Freight Forwarding Services.

5.11. International Sales/Purchase Contract


(a) Explain the International sales/purchase contract.

(b) Explain principles and conditions of International

sales/purchase contract.

(c) Describe consequences of poor preparation of

International sales/purchase contract.

5.12. Freight Forwarding Legislations


(a) Explain national and international regulations,

conventions on freight forwarding.

(b) Explain regulations for import and export.

(c) Explain national and international transport

standards.

(d) Explain national and international environmental

standards.

5.13. Freight forwarding associations


(a) Describe the role and factors of freight forwarding

associations in Tanzania.

(b) Identify the roles regulatory organs in freight

forwarding such as TRA, SUMATRA, TPA, TBS.

(c) Identify the responsibilities of institutions related to

freight forwarding e.g. Shipping Agents, Shippers

Council.

(d) Explain the roles and functions of cargo

consolidators, Inland Container Deports (ICD).

(e) Identify and describe the Tanzania ports of entry and

exits and explain their roles.

48

5.14. Freight Forwarding Industries


(a) Identify challenges facing freight forwarding

industries.

(b) Describe the solutions to challenges facing freight

forwarding industries in Tanzania.


1. Bailey, P. Farmer, D. Jossop D. and Jones, D. (2005),

Purchasing Principles and Management, 9th Edition,

UK, Prentice Hall.

2. Burke, Russel John (2011) International Logistics and

Freight Forwarding Manual, A street smart guide to

international Trade and Transport.

3. Chopra, S. and Meindt P. (2006), Supply chain

management and strategy, Planning and operation, 3rd

Edition, Prentice Hall.

4. Christopher, M. (2004), Logistics and supply chain

management, financial Times, Prentice Hall.

5. Dobbler, D. W. and Burt, D. N. (1997), Purchasing

and Supply Management, Texts and Cases, 6th Edition,

Tata Mc Graw Hill.

6. Harrison, A and Van Hoek, A. (2004), Logistic

management and strategy, 2nd Edition, Financial

Times, Prentice Hall.

7. Lambert, D. M. Stock, J. R. and Grant, D. (2005),

Fundamentals of Logistics Management, MacGraw

Hill.

49

8. Layson, K. and Faringor, B (2006), Purchasing and

Supply Chain Management UK.

9. Morrison, A and Jessop, D (2005), Storage and Supply

of Materials, 6th Edition, Prentice Hall.

10. Quale M. J. (2006), Purchasing and supply chain

management and strategy, 2nd Edition, Financial

Times/Prentice Hall

11. Quale, M. J. (2001), Logistics: An Integrated

Approach, Liverpool Publishing.

E Books

1. Freight clearing and forwarding procedures (PDF)

(EAC CU 007)

2. Freight forwarders selection guide 2012 – 2

3. Freight forwarders thinking outside the box

4. G. Villesa (2010) Freight forwarding and Logistics

5. Michael J. Ford Freight Forwarder Role in the export

transaction

Statutes

1. United Republic of Tanzania, Customs Management

Act (2004) Government Printers, Dar es Salaam,

Tanzania.

2. United Republic of Tanzania, Excise (Management

and Tariff) Act (2008) Government Printers, Dar es

Salaam, Tanzania.

50

3. United Republic of Tanzania, Shipping Agency Act of

2002 and 2013 amendment Government Printers, Dar

es Salaam, Tanzania

4. United Republic of Tanzania, Surface Marine

Transport Regulatory Authority 2001. Government

Printers, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania.

5. United Republic of Tanzania, Tanzania Bureau of

Standards Act No.3 of 1975 Government Printers, Dar

es Salaam, Tanzania.

6. United Republic of Tanzania, Tanzania Central

Freight Bureau Act of 1981 amended 2000

Government Printers, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania.

7. United Republic of Tanzania, Tanzania Revenue

Authority Act 11 (1995) Government Printers, Dar es

Salaam, Tanzania.

8. United Republic of Tanzania, The Fair Competition

Act 2003. Government Printers, Dar es Salaam,

Tanzania.

9. United Republic of Tanzania, The Standards Act 2009.


10. United Republic of Tanzania, Tanzania Food, Drugs

and Cosmetics Act No.1 of 2003 Government Printers,

Dar es Salaam, Tanzania.

51

1.0 SUBJECT: BUSINESS ETHICS AND

CORPORATE GOVERNANCE

2.0 CODE: P8

3.0 LEVEL: PROFESSIONAL II


(a) To equip learners with knowledge and skills in

business ethics and corporate governance.

(b) To enable learners apply principles of business ethics

and good governance in procurement and supply chain

management functions.

5.0. SUBJECT CONTENT AND LEARNING OUTCOMES

5.1 Introduction to Ethical concepts


(a) Explain principles and procedures for ethical

compliance.

(b) Demonstrate ethics in employer/employee situations

(c) Apply ethics in public practice.

5.2 General Principles and Procedures for Ethical

Compliance


(a) Analyze ethical threats

(b) Demonstrate remedies

5.3 Psychology of moral development


(a) Apply law and order orientation

(b) Demonstrate the universal ethical principles

orientation.

52

5.4 Introduction to common unethical practices

(a) Learners being able to:-

(b) Analyze unethical practices.

(c) Demonstrate procedures for handling unethical

practices.

5.5 Professional Ethical standards


Analyze ethical standards.

5.6 Corporate governance


(a) Explain characteristics of good governance.

(b) Evaluate relationship between corporate governance

and environmental procurement.

(c) Analyze relationship between corporate governance

and society.

5.7 Due diligence investigation


(a) Describe Pre-contract award investigations, on

capability, capacity, continuity and genuineness.

(b) Describe contemporary ethical issues.

5.8 Ethics and good governance


(a) Explain ethics, its roles and functions in a society

(b) Describe the over sight bodies/organs dealing with

ethics and good governance.

(c) Explain the roles of PCCB in ethics.

(d) Explain the roles and powers of Ethics Secretariat in

ethics

(e) Explain the roles of religion and society in ethics and

good governance

53


1. Ayere Sam, (2000), Promoting Good Governance,

Principles practice and perspectives

2. Carroll, archie B, Buchholtz, Ann K, (2006), Business

and Society ethics and Stakeholders

3. Colley, Doyle and Logan, (2005), Corporate

Governance, Executive MBA series, Tata Mc

Graw Hill

4. Ferrel, O.C Fraedrich, John and Ferrel, Linda, (2001),

Business Ethics, ethical decision making and cases,

5th Edition Heughton M. Ifflin Company Management,

6th Edition Thomson South Western

5. Sandra, BR Buchholz R.A.(2000), Rethinking

Business Ethics apragmatic, Approach Oxford

University Press.

6. Executive Guide to King III (2009) Corporate

Governance King III Report.

Statutes


Supplies Professionals and Technicians Act No. 23

(2007) Government Printers, Dar es Salaam,

Tanzania.


Supplies Professionals and Technicians Code of ethics

conduct, (2009) GN 365 Government Printers, Dar es

Salaam, Tanzania.

3.

54




Salaam, Tanzania.


The Public Finance Act No. 6 (2001) and its

Regulation 2004, Government Printers, Dar es

Salaam, Tanzania.

6. United Republic of Tanzania Prevention and

Combating of Corruption Bureau Act No.11 (2007),


55

PROFESSIONAL STAGE THREE

1.0 SUBJECT: MARKETING MANAGEMENT

2.0 CODE: P9

3.0 LEVEL: PROFESSIONAL STAGE III


(a) To equip leaners with knowledge and skills in

marketing management.

(b) To enable learners apply principles of marketing

management in procurement and supplies functions.


5.1. Introduction to marketing


(a) Explain the nature and scope of marketing.

(b) Define key concepts in marketing management.

(c) Identify various marketing philosophies.

(d) Identify marketing mix variables.

(e) Describe the role of marketing in the organization.

(f) Describe the relationship between marketing

department and other departments in an organization.

5.2. Marketing organization


(a) Identify and explain the formulation of marketing

policies and strategies.

(b) Identify coordination of marketing organizational

strategy with procurement and supplies strategy.

(c) Identify the evolution of marketing departments and

the sales function.

56

(d) Examine marketing plans as basis for procurement and

supplies operations.

5.3. Marketing Planning and Control


(a) Identify and explain the formulation of marketing

strategy.

(b) Distinguish between customer and product orientation

strategy.

(c) Identify and analyse model of consumer behaviour.

(d) Describe market segmentation and targeting.

(e) Apply market potential and forecasting methods.

(f) Describe organizational market and buying behaviour.

(g) Describe customer relationship management.

(h) Demonstrate integration and management of

marketing mix elements to achieve corporate

objectives.

5.4. Product decisions


(a) Explain product planning and development of new

products.

(b) Identify and explain product mix decisions and

strategies.

(c) Analyse concepts of introduction of new products,

product modification and product quality

differentiation.

(d) Apply branding and packaging strategies.

(e) Relate packaging and environment.

(f) Relate packaging and sales promotion.

(g) Identify the use of product portifolio management

tools.

5.5. Pricing


(a) Identify and explain pricing objectives.

57

(b) Identify and evaluate pricing strategies.

(c) Apply pricing procedures and decisions.

(d) Explain factors affecting price changes.

(e) Explain pricing of productline, joint products and by

products.

(f) Identify and describe price allowances, deals and

discoutns, credit and payment terms.

5.6. Promotion


(a) Identify elements of promotion mix.

(b) Describe advertising and its effectiveness.

(c) Explain personal selling and the management of the

sales force.

(d) Explain criteria for promotion decisions for products

and services.

(e) Prepare promotion budget for a good.

(f) Explain factors influencing media selection in

promotion.

(g) Explain the significante of the intemet in promotion.

5.7. Distribution


(a) Define marketing channel.

(b) Explain channel designing decisions.

(c) Explain factors influencing channel management

decisions.

(d) Explain the nature and scope of physical distribution.

(e) Apply physical distribution strategies.

(f) Describe market logistics, sales territories and zones.

5.8. Marketing of Services


(a) Define the marketing of services.

(b) Differentiate marketing of goods from marketing of

services.

58

(c) Describe classification of services.

(d) Identify and describe services marketing mix.

(e) Describe importance of services.

(f) Demonstrate pricing of services.

(g) Analyse the financial and economic effects of services.

5.9. Marketing information system and research


(a) Describe concepts and components of marketing

information system.

(b) Describe the marketing environment.

(c) Describe marketing intelligence system

(d) Identify and explain the scope of marketing research.

(e) Describe procedures and objectives of marketing

research.

(f) Apply test marketing technique.

5.10. International marketing


(a) Distinguish between international trade and

international marketing.

(b) Appraise the international marketing environment.

(c) Describe factors influencing selection of overseas

markets.

(d) Identify and explain international marketing strategy

and marketing investment.

(e) Explain international product management.

(f) Apply pricing consideration in international

marketing.

(g) Identify Export Processing Zones (EPZ).

(h) Describe marketing for non-traditional products.

(i) Identify and explain regional and international

agreements as marketing plaforms.

(j) Demonstrate managing the marketing mix in

international markets.

59

5.11. E – Marketing


(a) Define e-marketing and distinguish it from traditional

marketing.

(b) Explain the need for electronic media in marketing.

(c) Explain market sources and sourcing through internal.

(d) Demonstrate market selection and segmentation

through electronic media.

(e) Explain the benefits and disadvantages of E-

marketing.


1. Farese Lois Schneider, Kimbrell Grady and Woloszyk

Carl A, (2003), Marking essentials Mc Graw Hill

Gleneoe USA

2. Kotler, Philip and Kevin Lane Keller, (2009),

Marketing Management, 13th Edn. Pearson Prentice

Hall – UK

3. Michael J Etzel, Brue J. Wlker and William J. Stanton,

(2004), Marketing, 13th Edition Mc Graw Hill Irwin

USA.

4. Philip R Cateora John L. Graham ,(2005), International

Marketing, 12th Editn Mc Graw Hill Irwin USA

5. Rmaswamy VS and Namakumari S, (2006), Markeking

Management Planning Implementation and control, 3rd

Edn. Mac Millan – India

6. William D. Perreault, Jr and E Jerome Mc Carthy ,

(2005), Basic Marketing a global Managerial

approach, Mc Graw Hill – USA

60

1.0 SUBJECT: FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT

2.0 CODE: P10


4.0 SUBJECT OBJECTIVES (a) To equip learners with knowledge on financial

management operations.

(b) To enable learners to demonstrate the required

knowledge and skills of financial management in

business operations.


OUTCOMES

5.1 Introduction to Financial Management Learners being able to:-

(a) Explain the role of financial management, its scope

and role in corporate management.

(b) Explain the functions of financial manager and the role

he/she plays in corporate decisions.

(c) Explain the role that financial markets and institutions

play in facilitating investment, financing and corporate

development.

5.2 Sources of Finance and Behavior Aspects


(a) Describe and evaluate domestic sources of finance

such as banks, insurance companies, pension funds,

Bonds, Treasury Bills.

(b) Describe and evaluate foreign sources such as foreign

and international banks, specialized capital and money

markets such as interbank market, Eurobond markets

and other financial instruments.

61

(c) Explain leasing – types of lease (operating leases,

finance leases, sales and lease back).

5.3 Investment Decisions


(a) Explain the principles underlying effective

management of working capital.

(b) Explain the nature of long term investments and their

roles in corporate development.

(c) Explain the investment process and the framework for

evaluating investment projects.

(d) Detarmine the appropriate investment appraisal

techniques based on a given business, its objectives

and circumstances.

(e) Detarmine appropriate discount factors or rate used to

undertake an investment appraisal based on a given

business scenario, data and information.

(f) Estimate cash flows for investments appraisal.

(g) Demonstrate investment appraisal under inflationary

condition.

5.4 Capital Structure and Cost of Capital Learners being able to:-

(a) Describe financial gearing and capital structure.

(b) Explain the theory of capital structure.

(c) Describe the appropriate capital structure in practice.

(d) Describe EBIT-EPS analysis comparison of capital

structure ratios and indifference analysis.

(e) Explain and evaluate operational gearing and financial

gearing.

(f) Describe cost of capital.

(g) Identify and evaluate appropriate options for financing

an entity based on a given business scenario and

environment.

(h) Compute a company’s overall cost of capital and

project cost of capital.

62

(i) Identify the situations in which company’s overall cost

of capital and project cost of capital are used as

valuation and decision tools.

5.5 Portfolio Theory and Capital Asset Pricing Model

(CAPM)


(a) Explain portfolio investment and management process,

indifference curves and investors, investment policies

and strategies.

(b) Describe the objectives and constraints of individual

investors.

(c) Explain the theory of portfolio allocation – across risky

and risk-free assets.

(d) Describe the principle of diversification – the

Markowitz portfolio theory.

(e) Differentiate between SML and CAPM, and between

CAPM and Asset Pricing Theory.

(f) Derive the CAPM observing its assumptions and

limitations.

5.6 Corporate Dividend Policy Learners being able to:

(a) Describe the alternative dividend policies that

companies can adopt and their significance.

(b) Evaluate the various arguments put forward by

different schools about dividend policy – dividend

irrelevance, dividend relevance, mid-roaders schools

as well as the role of market imperfections in the

debate.

(c) Explain computation and interpretation of share price

under the models representing different schools of

thought.

(d) Examine the factors which determine a company’s

dividend policy.

63

(e) Describe the alternatives to cash dividends such as

share repurchases, and script dividend showing the

advantages and disadvantages.

5.7 Financial Analysis and Planning Learners being able to:-

(a) Describe the objectives of financial analysis and

planning.

(b) Explain techniques of presenting accounting data.

(c) Describe the preparation of financial projections.

(d) Explain the analysis and interpretation of financial

statements.

(e) Describe basic types of financial ratios including

liquidity ratios, profitability ratios, and performance

ratios and gearing ratios – their uses and limitations.

5.8 Valuation of Shares and Business


(a) Explain factors influencing share values.

(b) Describe bases for valuation – assets, profits, earnings

and dividends.

(c) Describe book and market values and treatments of

goodwill and intangibles.

(d) Explain valuation of minority and controlling interests.

(e) Explain valuation for mergers, takeovers and public

issues.

(f) Explain special assignments such as management

buyout, reorganization and reconstructions.

5.9 Capital Markets in Tanzania Learners being able to:-

(a) Describe capital markets.

(b) Explain the roles and functions of capital markets.

(c) Explain problems associated with capital markets in

Tanzania.

64

6. RECOMMENDED REFERENCES

1. Brigham F.E. and Houston Joel H, 2004,

Fundamentals of Financial Management, Thomson

Learning 10th Edn.

2. Gitman, Lawrence J., 2006, Principles of Managerial

Finance, 11th Edn. Prentice Hall - India

3. International Financial Management Journals,

relevant articles and topical issues.

4. Pandey I M, 2007, Financial Management, 9th Edn

Vikas Publishing Houst PVT

5. Schall Lawrence D. & Charles W. Haley, 1988,

Introduction to financial Management, McGraw-Hill

Book Co.; N.Y. USA.

65

1.0 SUBJECT: PRODUCTION AND OPERATIONS

MANAGEMENT

2.0 CODE: P11


4.0 SUBJECT OBJECTIVE

(a) To impart knowledge and skills to learners on

production planning and control

(b) To acquaint knowledge and skills to learners on

operations management

(c) To enable learners to apply production planning and

control techniques in procurement and supply chain

management decision making

(d) To enable learners to apply operations management

techniques for decision making in procurement and

supply chain management activities

(e) To enable learners to analyze and solve production and

operations problems encountered in procurement and

supply chain management


OUTCOMES

5.1 Introduction to production and operations

management


(a) Describe operations management model decisions,

nature and time horizon.

(b) Analyze global operations, strategy options.

66

Process Planning


(a) Describe and compare the characteristics of different

process types.

(b) Describe process and design service and selection of

technology appropriate for production and operations

management.

5.2 Capacity Planning


(a) Analyze long-term capacity planning

(b) Describe Capacity considerations and approaches

(c) Apply tools for capacity decisions

5.3 Facility Location and Layout


(a) Describe strategic importance of location

(b) Analyze factors affecting location decisions

(c) Analyze location alternative evaluation methods

5.4 Job Design and Work Performance Measurement


(a) Describe human resource strategy for operations

(b) Describe components of job design

(c) Describe methods analysis

(d) Analyze work measurement, time study, work study.

5.5 Aggregate Planning


(a) Analyze nature of aggregate planning

(b) Identify aggregate planning strategies and techniques

(c) Apply aggregate planning in services, pull and push

demand, MRPI, MRPII, EOQ, JIT.

67

5.6 Time management


(a) Analyze customer satisfaction and time management

(b) Apply waiting time theory queering analysis,

scheduling processes and constants

5.7 Total Quality Management (TQM)


(a) Analyze contributions of W.E. Deming,

(b) Identify the quality tools;

(c) Analyze statistical analysis of processes and statistical

process control

(d) Analyze introduction to Six-sigma

5.8 Project management


(a) Conduct project planning

(b) Explain project life cycle

(c) Apply project scheduling techniques

(d) Demonstrate project controlling and project risk

management


1. Adam, E. (Jr.) and Bert, R.Stevenson J. William,

(2005), Operations Management 8th Edition Mc Graw

Hill, Production and Operations Management

2. Chapman, R. J, (2006), simple tools and Techniques

for enterprise risk management, John and Wiley

publication

3. Davis, M.M. and Heineke J. (2005), Operations

Management, 5th Edition. McGraw-Hill Irwin.

68

4. Heizer, J and Render, B. (2008), Production and

Operations Management, 9th Edition Pearson

5. Howard, S. Gitlow, Alan J Oppenheim, Rosa

Oppenheim and David M Levine, (2005), Quality

Management, 3rd Edition Mc Graw Hill Irwin

6. Lam, J. (2003), Enterprise risk management, from

incentive to controls, John and Willey publication.

7. Mark, A. Vonderembse and George P. White ,(1987),

Operations Management concepts, methods and

strategies, West Publishing by USA

Melnyk Steven, A. and Denzeler David R, (1996),

Operations Management, Mc Graw Hall – Irwin USA

Prentice Hall.

8. Slack, N, Chambers, S. Johnston R. (2010),

Operations Management. Financial Times Prentice

Hall, UK

9. Steven Nahmias, (1997), Production and operation

analysis 3rd Edition Irwin Mc Graw Hill USA

10. Stevenson J. William, (2005), Operations

Management, 8th Edition Mc Graw Hall

Chase, R. B. Jacob, F.R. and Aquilano, N.J. (2007),

Operations management for competitive advantage, Tata

McGraw Hill Publishing.

69

1.0 SUBJECT: INVENTORY MANAGEMENT

2.0 CODE: P12

3.0 LEVEL : PROFESSIONAL STAGE III


(a) To equip learners with knowledge and competences in

relation to the management of physical stocks and

related inventory in supply management.

(b) To enable learners to examine in depth the economies

of good flow systems and sound accountability of

inventories thus avoiding stock outs and overstocking.


5.1 The inventory control function


(a) Describe classification and reasons for holding

inventories.

(b) Analyze responsibilities of inventory manager.

(c) Apply inventory records.

(d) Describe inventory control process.

5.2 Inventory planning


(a) Analyze inventory forecasting requirements.

(b) Describe information feedback system trend effects,

seasonal and random effects.

(c) Apply forecasting techniques, moving averages, and

exponentials smoothing average. Regression analysis,

etc.

70

5.3 Determination of stockholding policy


(a) Analyze customer expectation, supply market

condition, stock holding risks.

(b) Describe economic constraints, techniques of zero

inventories and methods of avoiding carrying stock.

5.4 Inventory ordering systems


(a) Describe inventory system.

(b) Apply inventory system.

5.5 Economic order quantity


(a) Describe different approaches for EOQ, EBQ.

(b) Apply re-order levels, sensitivity analysis, effects of

discounts.

5.6 Inventory Management Techniques


(a) Identify different inventory management techniques.

(b) Analyze inventory management techniques.

5.7 Measuring Inventory management system


(a) Analyze performance measurement using stock

turnover rates customers’ service. level, stock out, cost

considerations, accuracy goals and their purpose.

(b) Apply balance score card knowledge in planning

inventory system.

5.8 Management of obsolete and surplus materials


(a) Distinguish between obsolete and obsolescent

materials.

(b) Describe disposable procedures.

71

5.9 Information system


(a) Differentiate manual and electronic systems and their

interface in relation with inventory management.

(b) Apply information and communication technology in

capturing processing storing and communicate

information.

(c) Apply electronic media, development of electronic

data interchange bar coding in inventory movement

tracking and control.

(d) Describe the uses of internet in inventory management,

cross docking, stock minimization, electronic point of

sales etc.


1. Compton, H.H. (1995), Supplies and Materials

Management, Mc Donald and Evans London UK

2. David J. Plasecki (2003) Inventory Accuracy, People

Processes and Technology OPS publishing.

3. David J. Plasecki (2009) Inventory Management

Explained. A focus on Forecasting: Lot sizing safety

stock and ordering systems OPS Publishing.

4. Dobbler Donald, W. (1995), Purchasing and Materials

Management, Mc Graw Hill Co Ltd India

5. Jon Schreib feder (2010) achieving effective Inventory

Management 5th Edition effective Inventory

Management. Inc

6. Lysons K. & Farrington B. (2006), Purchasing and

Supply Chain Management, 7th Edition, FT Prentice

Hall

72

7. Max Muller (2011) Essentials of Inventory

Management 2nd Edition American Management

Association OPS Publishing.

8. Morrison A Sossop (complete reference)

9. Richard N. and Eagle R.H, (1986), Modern Inventory

Management John Wiley & Sons Inc.

10. Sameh Ibrahim (2011) data analysis for Inventory

Management in a multi echelon supply chain ops

Publishing.

11. Stevenson William, J. (2005), Operations

Management 8th Edition Mac Graw Hill USA

Walter D. (2003), Inventory Control and Management,

John Wiley & Sons UK.

73

PROFESSIONAL STAGE FOUR

1.0 SUBJECT: PUBLIC PROCUREMENT

MANAGEMENT

2.0 CODE: P13

3.0 LEVEL: PROFESSIONAL STAGE IV


(a) To equip learners with knowledge and skills in public

procurement management.

(b) To enable learners demonstrate and apply the acquired

knowledge and skills to manage public procurement

functions.

5.0. SUBJECT CONTENTS AND LEARNING

OUTCOMES

5.1. Introduction to Public Procurement Learners being able to:-

(a) Describe public procurement and its objectives.

(b) Explain the importance of public procurement.

(c) Evaluate public procurement as a policy tool.

(d) Describe the principles/pillars of public procurement.

(e) Explain similarities and differences between

procurement in public sector and private sector.

5.2. International Legal Instruments governing public

procurement


(a) Identify and analyse the global public procurement

reforms.

74

(b) Identify and analyse the public procurement reforms

in Tanzania.

(c) Assess the effects of global public procurement

reforms.

(d) Describe the functions of World Bank (WB), World

Trade Organisation (WTO), United Nation

Commission on International Trade Laws

(UNCITRAL), European Union (EU), and their roles

in promoting public procurement.

(e) AGA, African machinery.

5.3. Institutional models for public procurement and

integration with public expenditure management


(a) Describe the typical institutional structure for public

procurement.

(b) Apply WB-OECD/DAC methodology for assessment

of national public procurement systems.

5.4. Public Procurement reforms in Tanzania


(a) Explain and analyse public procurement reforms in

Tanzania.

(b) Describe the institutional framework for public

procurement in Tanzania.

(c) Describe the Tanzania’s legislative frameworks which

apply to the public sector.

(d) Describe the role of key players in public procurement

in Tanzania – PPD, PPRA, PPAA, PSPTB and GPSA.

5.5. Procurement Planning


(a) Describe procurement planning.

(b) Explain the importance of procurement planning in

public organization.

75

(c) Describe the advantages and disadvantages of

procurement planning.

(d) Describe the procurement planning process.

5.6. Procurement Methods Learners being able to:-

(a) Explain the factors influencing the choice of

procurement methods.

(b) Describe the procurement methods with reference to

UNCITRAL Model law, PPA (T)

(c) Describe framework agreements and Private Public

Partnership.

(d) Describe the circumstance under which procurement

methods can be used.

(e) Apply thresholds for using each procurement method.

5.7. Procurement of Goods and non cons services Learners being able to:-

(a) Describe goods and non cons services.

(b) Explain on the tendering process as the preferred

procurement method.

(c) Prepare tender documents.

(d) Explain the evaluation of evaluate Tenders for goods

and non cons services.

(e) Explain other procurement procedures for goods and

non con services.

5.8. Procurement of works


(a) Define terms and concepts used in procurement of

works.

(b) Differentiate procurement of works from procurement

of goods.

(c) Describe special features of works procurement

(d) Explain procurement procedures for procurement of

works.

76

(e) Prepare tender documents for works.

(f) Prepare basic designs, bills of quantities.

(g) Demonstrate the evaluation of works Tenders.

5.9. Procurement of Consultancy Services


(a) Describe consultancy services.

(b) Explain selection procedures for consultant selection

–QBS, QCBS, FBS, LCS.

(c) Explain consultant selection process.

(d) Prepare Request for Proposal (RFP) document.

(e) Evaluate Technical and Financial Proposals.

5.10. Procurement Remedies


(a) Describe the importance bidder’s right to appeal.

(b) Describe the remedies available to bidders.

(c) Describe bidder’s complaints procedures.

5.11. Ethics in Public Procurement


(a) Describe ethics in procurement ethics.

(b) Explain the importance of ethics in public

procurement.

(c) Describe the effects of non-compliance to public

procurement ethic.

5.12. Corruption in Public Procurement


(a) Describe different types of corruption in public

procurement.

(b) Explain the impact of corruption in procurement to the

public organizations and the country as a whole.

(c) Describe the indicators/red flags of corruption in

procurement activities.

77

(d) Describe the activities vulnerable to corruption in the

tendering process and their occurrence.

(e) Explain controls that can be instituted in a public

organization to curb corruption.

5.13. Procurement under international financing

institutions


(a) Desribe principles governing international institutions

procurement procedures and other donor agencies.

(b) Describe procurement methods for goods, works and

services under IFI and other donor agencies.

(c) Describe IFI procurement procedures and other donor

agencies.

(d) Apply IFI procurement guidelines and other donor

agencies.

6.0. RECOMMENDED REFERENCES

1. A. Kovacs, (2004) Enhancing procurement practices:

Comprehensive approach to acquring complex

facilities and projects (Boston:Kluwer academic).

2. Christopher Boris (2012) European Union Public

Procurement Law, Edward Elgar Publishing.

3. G. Piga and K. Thai (2007) (Eds), Advancing public

procurement: Practices, innovation and knowledge-

sharing (Boca Raton: PR Academics press).

4. K.V. Thai (Eds.) International Handbook of public

procurement (CRC press 2008).

5. MK. Bharday (2004) A guide to public procurement,

excel book.

78

6. N. Dimitri, G. Piga and G. Spagnolo (2006) (Eds)

Handbook of Procurement (Cambridge: Cup).

7. P. Trepte, (2004) Regulating procurement;

Understanding the ends and means of public

procurement regulation (oxford: OUP) Ch.1 and 2.

8. S. Kelman, (1990) Procurement and public

management (Washington:AEI Press) Chs.1, 2 and 5.

9. S. Kelman, Procurement and Public Management

(Washington:AEI press 1990), P. Trepte, Regulating

Procurement: Understanding the ends and means of

public procurement regulation (Oxford: OUP 2004).

10. S. Schooner, (2000) “Desiderata: Objectives for a

system of government contract law” 11 public

procurement law review 103.

11. Sue Arrowsmith and M. Trybus (2002) (Eds) Public

Procurement; the Continuing Revolution (Londo:

Kluwer Law International).

12. Sue Arrowsmith, J. Linarelli and D. Wallace, (2000)

Regulating public procurement: National and

International Perspectives (London: Kluwer Law

International) Ch.1 and Ch.2 pp.27-32, 61-63 and 73 -

98.

Statutes

1. United Republic of Tanzania, World Bank

Procurement guidelines for works, goods and

consultancies Revised in 2014. Government Printers,


2. United Republic of Tanzania, African Development

Bank Procurement policy procedures and processes

79

for works, goods and consultancies revised in 2014.








Salaam, Tanzania.

80

PROFESSIONAL STAGE FOUR

1.0 SUBJECT: PROCUREMENT CONTRACTS

MANAGEMENT

2.0 CODE: P14


4.0 SUBJECT OBJECTIVE

(a) To equip learners with knowledge of principles,

practices and techniques for contract management with

particular emphasis on the role of the procurement and

supply chain specialist.

(b) To enable learners institute control and minimize risks

in managing procurement contracts


5.1 Introduction to Contract Management


(a) Evaluate types of contracts and their legal

considerations.

(b) Analyze importance of managing contract.

(c) Describe the contract management cycle

5.2 Contracts formation and strategies


(a) Explain factors to consider in preparation of contract.

(b) Analyze salient features of good contracts.

(c) Describe contract negotiation processes.

(d) Evaluate proposal requirements.

81

5.3 Contract Control


(a) Analyze contract risks.

(b) Explain cost time and quality control

(c) Monitor and negotiate improvement of supplier’s

performance.

5.4 Contract Management


(a) Analyze Contract control

(b) Evaluate cost control

(c) Manage negotiation of variations and claims

(d) Analyze contract closure, liability for defects

(e) Demonstrate ability for post implementation appraisal.

5.5 Managing contract relationships


(a) Demonstrate ability to building corporate

relationships.

(b) Analyze relationship problems

(c) Apply dispute resolution techniques

5.6 Financing and payments


(a) Analyze contract funding

(b) Analyze sources and conditions of funding payment

methods

(c) Demonstrate payment milestone ability to undertake

price adjustments, modification and variations

5.7 Evaluation of contract


(a) Analyze performance evaluation, achievement plans,

programme appraisal

(b) Apply methods of assessment

82

5.8 Procurement Contract Management


(a) Analyze objectives of procurement contract

management

(b) Demonstrate ability merging supplier’s/contractor’s

responsibilities with procurement entity’s

responsibilities and interests

(c) Analyze factors affecting the contract for procurement

(d) Demonstrate ability stages in procurement contract

management

5.9 Discharge of the contract


(a) Demonstrate contact closeout, ethical considerations,

claims and settlement.

(b) Analyze Salient features for managing procurement

contracts


1. Carmichael, D.G. (2000), Constracts and

International Contract Management, Balkema A.A.

Publishers,

2. Cary Coben, (1997), Effective contract administration;

the complete handbook and guide.

3. Dobler Donald, W. (1995), Purchasing and Materials

Management Mc Graw Hill Co Ltd India

4. EU, WB ADB Guidelines

5. Kfuller, G. (2001), Purchasing Contracts, a practical

guide, CIPS UK

83

6. Lysons, K. and Farrington B. (2006) , Purchasing and

Supply Chain Management

7. Margaret Griffiths and Ivor Griffiths (2002), Law of

Purchasing and Supply ,3rd Edition Prentice Hall UK

8. MLS ITC module 8 and 9 of 2000.

9. Murdoch, J.R. Hughes, W. (2000),Construction

Contracts; Law and Management

10. Public Finance Act No. 6 (2001), and its Regulations

(2004), Government Press Tanzania.

11. Public Procurement Act No. 21, (2011), and its

Regulations (2013), Government Press Tanzania.

84

1.0 SUBJECT: INTERNATIONAL LOGISTICS AND

TRANSPORT

2.0 CODE: P15



(a) To equip learners with knowledge in international

logistics and transport operations.

(b) To enable learners apply principles of international

logistics and transport in managing international

imports and export.


OUTCOMES

5.1 Concepts of Logistics and Transport Learners being able to:-

(a) Define concepts of logistic and transport in modern

society.

(b) Explain exelutionary stages of logistcs, today and

future of logistics.

(c) Differentiate transport modes, design and select

suitable modes for a network under different situations.

(d) Explain different types of International Logistics.

(e) Apply different techniques in Logistic and Transport.

5.2 Managing Logistics Learners being able to:-

(a) Identify different types of Logistics Management

tasks.

(b) Describe global network for carriers.

(c) Evaluate trade restrictions and agreements on

international logistics.

85

(d) Identify problems associated with inbound and

outbound logistics.

5.3 Transportation Learners being able to:-

(a) Differentiate unbound and outbound transportation

network.

(b) Describe sutiable routes and related clearance

requirements

(c) Describe route planning and scheduling.

(d) Explain multi-modal transportation.

5.4 Logistics operations Learners being able to:-

(a) Describe logistics operation in store house.

(b) Specify packaging and packing requirement

decisions.

(c) Specify safety and security meansures and controls.

(d) Describe logistic equipments for handling and storage

of goods.

(e) Evaluate costs and performance considerations.

(f) Explain variables for physical distribution.

(g) Determine investment requirements.

(h) Differentiate pre-transactional costs form post

transactional costs.

(i) Describe fleet management.

5.5 Logistic and transport documentation


(a) Identify documents used in logistics and transport.

(b) Describe procedures involved in clearance of goods

form customs.

(c) Explain international commercial terms and their

uses.

(d) Differential roles of different players in incoterms.

86

(e) Identify and describe methods of payments in both

international logistics and local logistics.

5.6 ICT in Logistics and Transport Learners being able to:-

(a) Explain uses of ICT in Logistics and Transport.

(b) Apply modern technology in transaction cost and

waste reduction and increase efficiency.

(c) Describe internet application in logistic cycle,

requisitioning, authorization of orders receiving

certification and payment processes.


1. Bloomberg D.J. and Murray A. (1996), The

Management of Integrated Logistics, Sydney, Prentice

Hall.

2. Bowesox D. E. and Closs D. J. (1996), Logistical

Management, New York, McGraw Hill.

3. Christopher, M. (2005) Logistics and supply chain

management. Elements of import practice by branch

(1990), CIPS, England.

4. Coyle J. J. et al (2002), The Management of Business

Logistics, 7th edition, St Paul, West Publishing Co.

5. Donald Waters, (2003), Logistics, Palgrave-UK-

USA,

6. Gattorna, J. (1995) Gower hand book of logistics and

distribution. The CIPS Bookshop.

7. ITC (2000) Modular Learning System, module 10,

managing International Logistics UNCTAD/WTO.

87

8. Johnson J. C. and Wood D. F. (1999), Contemporary

Logistics, Upper Sadler River N. J., Prentice Hall.

9. Lambert, DM and Stock, J.R. (1999). Strategic

Logistics Management. Singapore, Irwin/McGraw –

Hill.

10. Richard E. at al, (2006), World Trade and Payments:

An Introduction, 10th Edition, Prentice Hall.

11. Ruth, A Oxley, J. and Croucher P (2002) Hand book

of Logistic and Distribution Management

12. Taylor, D. (2005) Global cases in logisticc and supply

chian management. The CIPS Bookshop.

13. Visser, H.M. and Van Goor, A.R. (2006) Logistics,

Principles and Practice 1st Ed. Groningen, Wolters-

Noordhoff, ISSBN 9020733044.

88

1.0 SUBJECT: ENTREPRENEURSHIP

2.0 CODE: P16




entrepreneurship techniques.

(b) To enable learners to apply entrepreneurship principles

to initiate and manage business ventures.


OUTCOMES

5.1 Introduction to Entrepreneurship


(a) Define terms and concepts in entrepreneurship.

(b) Explain the evolution of entrepreneurship.

(c) Describe reasons for becoming an entrepreneur.

(d) Analyze different schools of thought approaches to

entrepreneurship.

5.2 Entrepreneur and creative thinking


(a) Explain characteristics of entrepreneurs.

(b) Identify and explain entrepreneurial motives,

creativity, innovation and invention.

(c) Apply creative thinking techniques.

(d) Develope ideas and make consultations.

(e) Identify sources of funds for entrepreneurial research.

5.3 Formation of Business


(a) Plan for a business and environment assessment.

89

(b) Conduct marketing research.

(c) Demonstrate financial planning of a business,

(d) Explain legal and statutory requirements for a new

business.

(e) Evaluate legal forms of an organization.

(f) Identify and evaluate various sources of capital.

5.4 Growth and development of a business Learner being able to:-

(a) Explain the nature and importance of Strategic

planning.

(b) Describe the life cycle of a business.

(c) Explain how to manage business growth.

(d) Demonstrate the process of evaluating of business

performance.

(e) Identify and analyze the gap for a niche within the

existing business and scanning for opportunity.

5.5 Management succession and continuity


(a) Explain the importance of business succession

(b) Describe sole proprietorship succession scenario,

(c) Examine family management scenario,

(d) Examine partnership succession scenario,

(e) Examine corporate succession scenario.


1. Alexander Osterward and Yves Pigneur (2010)

Business Model Generation. A handbook for

visionaries, game, changers and challenges John

Willey and Sons.

2. Drucker Peter F, (2006) Innovation and

Entrepreneurship Harper Business.

90

3. Eric Ries (2011) The lean start up. How today’s

entrepreneur use continuous innovation to create

radically successful business 1st Edition Grown

Business.

4. Schumpter Joseph A. (1965) Revised 2011

Entrepreneurship.

5. Schumpter Joseph A. (2013) Theory on innovation.

6. Steve Blank and Bob Dorf (2012), The startup owner’s

manual. The step by step guide for building a great

company 1st Edition K & S Ranch.

91

PROFESSIONAL STAGE FIVE

1.0. SUBJECT: PROCUREMENT AND SUPPLY

AUDIT

2.0. CODE: P17

3.0. LEVEL: PROFESSIONAL STAGE V

4.0. SUBJECT OBJECTIVES

(a) To equip learners with knowledge and skills on

procurement and supplies audit.

(b) To enable learners apply the acquired knowledge and

skills in procurement and supplies audit functions.


OUTCOMES

5.1. General Introduction to Auditing Learners being able to:-

(a) Describe auditing and its objectives.

(b) Describe classes of audits – internal, external,

statutory, non-statutory, operational, value for money.

(c) Describe the differences and similarities between

commercial and public sector audits.

(d) Describe fundamental principles and concepts, audit

standards and ethics.

5.2. Methodology for Auditing


(a) Describe familiarization, planning and formulating

audit strategy.

92

(b) Identify and explain organizing and programming the

audit, and controlling the audit work.

(c) Explain recording the audit work, testing records, and

evidence.

(d) State and explain forming audit conclusions,

recommendations and reporting.

5.3. Audit and internal control for supplies functions


(a) Explain reviewing of the internal control system.

(b) Describe supplies records and internal checks.

(c) Develop organizational plan and setup for control and

internal checks.

(d) Describe authorization and approval procedures

(e) Explain preparation of audit, verification and

investigation programmes.

5.4. Stocktaking and verification


(a) Describe reasons for stocktaking.

(b) Describe types of stocktaking and stocktaking

documentation.

(c) Describe treatment of obsolete, deteriorated and

redundant stocks.

(d) Describe common errors in stocktaking.

(e) State and explain purpose and objectives of

verification audit.

(f) Demonstrate physical verification of stocks.

(g) Explain findings and report preparation.

5.5. Stock Valuation


(a) Explain valuation of receipt under FOB, C&F and CIF

contract.

(b) Describe pricing of issues using FIFO, LIFO, average

market price and standard price.

93

(c) Explain pricing of goods in process, scrap and capital

goods.

5.6. Procurement Audit


(a) Describe scope of audit in procurement cycle.

(b) Describe auditing basic procedures and internal

controls.

(c) Describe audit requirement during entry and exit

conferences for discussion.

(d) Describe Tender Board functions auditing.

(e) Describe technical and economic evaluations.

(f) Describe Human Resource Auditing.

(g) Describe value for money auditing in procurement.

(h) Explain technical audit in procurement for works and

consultancy services.

5.7. Other considerations in procurement and supply

chain auditing


(a) Describe consignment stocks and purchase

commitments.

(b) Describe commodity future and hedging practices.

(c) Describe frauds involving procurement and stocks.

5.8. Verification of fixed assets


(a) Describe consignment stocks and purchase

commitments.

(b) Describe commodity future and hedging practices.

(c) Describe frauds involving procurement and stocks.

5.9. Risk based procurement and supply auditing


(a) Identify risks involved in supply chain auditing.

94

(b) Describe the procedures involved in risk approach

supply chain management auditing.

(c) Describe steps involved in procurement and supply

chain management.

(d) Develop checklist of risk based supply chain auditing.


1. IFAC (recent) Hand book of international auditing

Assurance and Ethics Procurement; IFAC.

2. Jack L. Robertson Auditing 8th Edn (1996) Irwin USA.

3. O’Ray Wittingon, Kurt Pany Walter B Mergs Robert F

Meigs (1992) Principles of Auditing 10th Edn Irwin

USA.

4. O’Regan, David (2003) International Auditing

Practical Resource Guide, WILEY

5. O’Regan, David (2008) Auditing the procurement

function. Institute of Internal Auditors Research

Foundation.

6. Rick Hayer, Roger Dassen Arnold Schilder Philip

Wallage, (2005) Principles of Auditing, an

Introduction to International std auditing 2nd Edn.

7. Karta Johnstone, Audrey Gramling and Larry E.

Rittenberge (2013) Auditing A risk based approach to

conducting a quality Audit Cengage Learning.

8. Karta Johnstone, Audrey Gramling and Larry E.

Rittenberge (2010) Risk based approach to the Audit

of procurement CIFA.

95

Statutes




Salaam, Tanzania.




3. United Republic of Tanzania, Public Procurement

Auditing Manual, PPRA (2009) Government Printers,


96

1.0 SUBJECT: STRATEGIC PROCUREMENT AND

SUPPLY CHAIN MANAGEMENT

2.0 CODE: P18

3.0 LEVEL : PROFESSIONAL STAGE V



strategic procurement and supply chain management.

(b) To enable learners to apply acquired knowledge and

skills to facilitate smooth supply chain.


OUTCOMES

5.1. Introduction to strategic procurement and supply

chain management


(a) Define terms and concepts.

(b) Differentiate procurement from supply chain.

(c) Describe the evolution of supply chain management

concepts (Supply Chain Transition).

(d) Explain transition from traditional purchasing to

strategic procurement.

(e) Describe importance and objective of supply chain

management.

5.2. Overivew of strategic management


(a) Analyze concept of strategy and the process of

developing strategy.

(b) Apply SWOC analysis and strategies formulation.

(c) Identify mission, vision and long term objectives for

business sastenability.

97

(d) Evaluate stategic performance through applying

relevant strategic tools.

(e) Describe business management strategies.

(f) Differenciate business strategies and corporate

stategies.

5.3. Strategic procurement overview


(a) Compare and contrast strategic procurement with

operational procurement.

(b) Explain significance of strategic procurement.

(c) Evaluate the procurement role in achieving corporate

goals.

(d) Develop strategic procurement objectives and

performance targets.

(e) Analyze procurement environment (i.e. supplier

competitor and market analysis PESTLEG).

(f) Demonstrate management portifolio analysis using

Karljic Kamanncube, BCG Model.

(g) Formulating, implementing and evaluating

procurement strategies.

5.4. Major generic procurement functional strategies

and alternative strategies


(a) Explain different types of generic procurement

strategies i.e. supply assurance, cost reduction, support

strategies etc.

(b) Describe procurement and supply strategies.

(c) Explain the role of supplier, buyer partnering (risk

sharing, supplier development etc.).

(d) Explain the importance of backward integration.

(e) Explain importance of out sourcing.

(f) Describe JIT, consignment buying, market hedging

(furtures market) in achieving procurement objectives.

98

(g) Explain value analysis/engineering, green

procurement, etc. in achieving procurement objectives.

5.5. Strategic procurement planning


(a) Explain process of strategic procurement planning.

(b) Develop and manage strategic procurement plan.

(c) Analyze supply assurance.

(d) Analyze cost, price and market in procurement plan.

5.6. Drivers of change procurement


(a) Explain the nature and impact of globalization in

supply chain.

(b) Explain drivers of change in global supply market

competition in cost reduction.

(c) Explain the role of technological advancement in

supply chain.

(d) Explain the effect of speed of new product

development, changing of customer demand in supply

chain.

(e) Identify and explain strategies to address effects of

drivers of change in supply chain.

5.7. Structure design and supply chain network


(a) Identify different types of supply chain.

(b) Explain types of supply chain network.

(c) Describe determinate of structure.

(d) Explain the lean and agile organization.

5.8. Coordination and controling supply chain systems


(a) Describe supply chain coordination, the Bull whip

effect and their impact in performance.

99

(b) Identify and evaluate the Bull whip effect and

obstancels to coordination in supply chain.

(c) Discuss managerial leaners that help to achive

coordination in supply chain.

(d) Describe actions that facilitate the building strategic

partnership and trust within supply chain.

5.9. The role of information technology in the supply

chain


(a) Explain the role of information technology.

(b) Explain the use of information technology in supply

chain.

(c) Describe the application of internet in operating

transactional aspects of requisitioning, authorization of

orders, receiving, certification and payment processes.

(d) Develop e-procurement strategy and implement.

(e) Apply e-procurement in selection of vendors and

evaluation.

(f) Apply e-procurement tools to transact business,

sharing information and networking.

(g) Apply paper less transaction.

(h) Identify the following:-

(i) Supply chain information technology frame

work (Supply chain macro-process).

(ii) Internal supply chain management.

(iii) Supplier relationship management.

5.10. Product Design


(a) Describe the impact of design on cost of a product.

(b) Explain effect of product, market and process

characteristics in the supply chain.

(c) Describe the value analysis and its role in procurement.

(d) Explain the vale analysis procedure.

100

(e) Explain early buyer involvement.

(f) Identify and explain area of buyer involvement.

(g) Explain early supplier involvement.

(h) Describe benefits and disadvantages of ESI.

(i) Explain Simultaneous Engineering (SE) – multi-

disciplinary terms and integration of a number of

techniques.

5.11. Purchasing supply relationship


(a) Differenciate transactional and relationship

purchasing.

(b) Apply cox, bensaou and IMP models in evaluating

supplier relationship:-


1. Bowersox D.J. & Closs D.J., (2000), Logistical

Management: The Integrated Supply Chain Process,

Tata McGraw-Hill

2. Charles W. L. Hill, Gareth R. Jones, Melissa A.

Schiling (2014), Strategic Management: Theory and

Cases: An Intergrated approach: Cengage Learning.

3. Chopra S. & Meindl P., (2007), Supply Chain

Management: Strategy, Planning and Operations, 3rd

Edition, Pearson Education, New Jersey

4. David Simchi – Levi, Philip Kaminsky and Edith

Simchi – Levi, (2000), Designing and managing the

supply chain concepts, strategies and case studies, Mc

Graw Hill USA

101

5. Gregory Dess, and G.T. (Tom) Lumpkin, Alan

Eisner, Gerry McNamara (2011) Strategic

management test and cases. MacGraw- Hill/Ilwin.

6. Lysons K. & Farrington B.,(2006), Purchasing and

Supply Chain Management 7th Edition, FT Prentice

Hall

7. Michael A. Hitt, R. Duane Highland, Robert E.

Hoskisson (2012) Strategic management concept test

and cases: Competitiveness and Globalization.

Cengage Learning.

8. Paul cousins, Richard Lamning, Benn Lawson and

Brian Squire, (2008), Strategic Supply Management

Principles, Theories and Practice, Prentice Hall UK.

9. Paul Myerson (2012) Lean Supply Chain and Logistics

Management 1st Edition McGraw- Hill Professional

10. Saunders M., (1997), Strategic Purchasing and Supply

Chain Management , 2nd Edition, FT Prentice Hall.

102

1.0. SUBJECT : RESEARCH METHODOLOGY AND

CONSULTANCY

2.0. CODE : P19

3.0. LEVEL : PROFESSIONAL STAGE V


(a) To equip learners with knowlege and skills in research

and consultancy.

(b) To acquaint learners with report writing skills.

(c) To enable learners apply research and consultancy

skills in procurement and supplies research and

consultancy assignments.

(d) To enable learners apply report writing skills in

preparing reports for research and consultancy

assignments in procurement and supplies functions.


OUTCOMES

5.1. Introduction to research methodology


(a) Explain meaning and objectives of research.

(b) Explain types of research processes, ethics and

literature.

(c) Describe formulation of research topics, research

design and structure of research proposal.

5.2. Sampling techniques


(a) Define research environment scaling.

(b) Differentiate probability sampling techniques from

non probability sampling techniques.

103

5.3. Reaseach instruments and field survey


(a) Design questionnaire, carry out pilot study and conduct

interviews.

(b) Train and utilize research assistants.

(c) Collect data from primary and secondary sources.

5.4. Data coding and interpretation


(a) Identify research constraints and limitations.

(b) Analyse and intepret the results and treatment of

research responses.

(c) Carryout reliability and validity tests .

5.5. Data analysis


(a) Identify and distinguish different data analysis

techniques such as qualitative, quantitative and

computer soft ware packages.

(b) Apply data analysis techniques.

5.6. Introduction to Management consulting


(a) Explain nature and purpose of consulting assignments

(b) Explain range, scope and characteristics of consulting

work.

(c) Describe the roles and relationship of consultant and

client.

5.7. Consulting assignments in purchasing and supplies


(a) Identify clients, competitor partners and collaboration

in consulting assignments.

(b) Describe potential risks and conflict of interest in

consulting assignments.

104

(c) Identify and describe consulting opportunities,

preparation of terms of reference and consulting ethics.

5.8. Designing a consulting project


(a) Describe characteristics of a good consultant.

(b) Identify the scope of consulting assignment and define

pricing.

(c) Prepare a consulting proposal.

(d) Describe quality control of consultancy assignment.

(e) Explain clients’ characteristics and methods of

managing clients with different behaviours.

5.9. Data collection and analysis


(a) Identify different types of data.

(b) Apply different data collection methods for collecting

client’s information.

(c) Analyze, interpret and test data for reliability and

validity.

5.10. Introduction to report writing


(a) Define a report

(b) Distinguish different types of report and their

importance.

(c) Identify different uses of the consultancy and research

reports.

5.11. Organizing a report


(a) Identify different types of targets of clients and

audience.

(b) Differentiate formal from informal report.

(c) Identify matters to be reported and matters not to be

reported.

105

(d) Classify information from the client and research into

categories.

5.12. Managing data and use of graphics


(a) Apply quantitative and quantitative data in research

and consultancy.

(b) Interpret data using graphs, tables and figures.

5.13. Report writing


(a) Identify characteristics of reports at different levels.

(b) Desribe different roles of reports and memorandums.

(c) Differentiate memorandum from short reports.

(d) Describe different types of a report, such as executive

summary, main report, special parts of a report, oral

presentation.

(e) Demonstrate skills of composing a report.

6.0. RECOMMENDED REFERENCE BOOKS

1. Babbie, Earl R., (1989), The Practice of social

Research, Wadsworth Publishing Co. Belmont.

2. Bell, J., (1987), Doing Your Research Project; Oxford

University Press, Oxford.

3. Black, James A and D.J. Champion, (1986), Methods

and Issues in Social Research, New York, John

Willey.

4. Chara, F. and Nachmias, D.N., (1996), Research

Methods in the Social Sciences, Martin’s Press; GB.

5. Easterby, Smith, M., (1991), Management Research

an introduction, SAGE., London.

106

6. Jaber F. Gubrium and James A. Holstein (Eds), (2002),

Handbook of Interview Research: Context and

Method, Sage Publications, Inc., London.

7. Kramar, J.Z., (1971), Marketing Research in

Developing Countries, Praegar Publishers NY.

8. Kubr, M. (1996) 3rd (revised) edition, Management

Consulting a guide the profession Edited by

International Labour Office - Geneva.

9. Mark Saunders, Philip Lewis and Adrian Thornhill,

(2007), Research methods for Business studies, 4th

Editor Prentice Hall U.K.

10. Smith, M. Thorpe R. & Lowe, (1991), A Sage

Management Research Introduction;

107

1.0. SUBJECT: PROCUREMENT AND SUPPLY

CHAIN RISKS MANAGEMENT

2.0. CODE: P20

3.0. LEVEL: PROFESSIONAL STAGE V


(a) To equip learners with knowledge and skills of

managing procurement and supply chain risks.

(b) To enable learners apply a range of techniques in

monitoring ad mitigating procurement and supply

chain risks.


5.1. Introduction to Risk Management


(a) Describe risk management process

(b) Describe risk schedule

(c) Describe importance of Risk Management function.

5.2. Nature of Risks affecting procurement and supply

chain management


(a) Explain the meaning of procurement and supply chain

management risk

(b) Analyze the main procurement and supply chain

management risks.

(d) Analyse the main methods for eliminating

procurement and supply chain management corruption

and fraud.

(e) Analyse the main procurement and supply chain

management operational risks.

108

(f) Evaluate the main risks in the procurement and supply

chain management that can impact in

organizational corporate social responsibility and

sustainability standards.

5.3. Procurement and supply chain risks management

process


(a) Analyse the use of contractual remedies for managing

risks in procurement and supply chain.

(b) Analyse the use of outsourced 3rd parties and risk

management in procurement and supply chain.

(c) Evaluate the use of insurances for protection

(d) Analyse the use of contingency plans to overcome

risks in procurement and supply chain.

5.4. Risks mitigation strategies in procurement and

supply chain


(a) Apply the use of probability and impact assessments

to manage risks in procurement and supply chain.

(b) Explain the development of a risk management culture

and strategy to improve procurement and supply chain

(c) Develop mitigation strategies in procurement and

supply chain.

5.5. Mitigating procurement and supply chain

management risks in Project Management


(a) Analyse the main risks in procurement and supply

chain management projects that are addressed by

effective project management.

(b) Compare and contrast project lifecycle models that can

mitigate risks in procurement and supply chain.

109

(c) Demonstrate organization, implementation,

monitoring and control of project mitigating risks

in procurement and supply chain.

(d) Describe result-based Management (RBM) in Risk

Management

(e) Apply RBM in Procurement and Supply Chain Risk

Management.

5.6. Risk Management in Global Supply Chain


(a) Desribe lead time risk

(b) Analye political risks

(c) Assess foreign exchange risks

(d) Assess environmental risks

(e) Analyse supply risks

(f) Demonstrate how to deal with Global Supply Risks

5.7. Assessment of Risks Internal Controls and Internal

Procurement and Supply Chain Controls


(a) Identify and assess internal procurement and supply

chain controls, compliance risks in the

procurement and supply chain in public and private

sectors.

(b) Advise on the identification and assessment report on

internal Procurement and supply chain controls

and compliance risks.

(c) Evaluate the internal Procurement and Supply Chain

control measures and their effectiveness.


1. Baily, et at (2008), Prentice Hall, Pearson Education,

UK. Procurement Principles and Management 9th

Edition.

110

2. Bob Pieplow (2012), A Scalable Approach, Project

Delivery. Project Risk Management Handbook.

3. Cho, C.C, Garvey, P. R and Robert J.Giallombado

(1997), A Decision Aid for Prioritizing, Displaying

and Tracking Program ,Risk, Military Operation

Research (www. owors.org)

4. Garvey, P. R. (2000), Marcel Dekker, Inc, 270

Madison Avenue, New York “Probability methods for

cost uncertainty Analysis: A Systems Engineering

Perspective,

5. Garvey, P. R (1999), Engineering, John Wiley & Sons

Inc. “Risk Management” Encyclopedia of Electrical

and Electronics

6. Gorvey, et al (1998), “Risk Matrix: An Approach for

Identifying, Assessing and Rankin Program Risks,

Airforce Journal of Logistics Vol.XXII

(www.mitre.org/resources/centre/sepo/risk/risk_matr

ix)

7. Heinz:- Peter, Berg (2010), Risk Management

procedures, methods and experience, Vol. 1,

Bundesant fiir Strontenschutz, Salzgitter, Germany.

8. Parshev, K. V. (2009), Reducing Corruption Risks and

Practices in Public Procurement: Evidence from

Bulgaria Government Monitoring Association, Sofia,

Bulgaria.

9. The Procurement Tool kit-Good Practice Guide-

(December 2012).

10. UN ( 2011), Result-Based Management Handbook

New York, United States.

http://www.mitre.org/resources/centre/sepo/risk/risk_matrix

http://www.mitre.org/resources/centre/sepo/risk/risk_matrix

111

11. UN Procurement capacity development centre, (May,

2012)

12. United Republic of Tanzania (2013), GN No. 446,

(2013), Government Printer, Dsm.

13. United Republic of Tanzania (2011), Act No. 7,

(2011), Government Printer, Dsm.

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