Triton
Inventory of Canadian MarineRenewable Energy Resources
Andrew CornettCanadian Hydraulics Centre
National Research Council Canada&
Michael TarbottonTriton Consultants Ltd.
May 2006
TritonOutline
Project overviewInventory of Canada’s wave energy resources
Analysis of buoy measurementsAnalysis of results from wind-wave hindcasts
Inventory of Canada’s tidal current resourcesAnalysis of results from tide modelsSite-by-site inventory
Next stepsWave modelling to define nearshore resourcesTidal modelling to fill gaps and refine initial estimatesAssess impacts of energy extraction at leading sitesWeb-enabled Atlas of Marine Renewable Energy Resources
TritonTechnologies - kinetic
hydropower
MCT SeaGen
Verdant Power
EB - Stingray
TritonTechnologies - wave energy converters
Limpet OWC
Energetech OWC
OPD -Pelamis
Archimedes Wave Swing
TritonProject highlights
Objective 1 - Quantify and map Canada’s potential renewable ocean energy resources (waves, tidal currents, winds) Objective 2 - Make the results available to all Canadians through an interactive Atlas websiteHigh priority for the Canadian OE community (project grew from discussion at OREG symposium, Vancouver, 2005/03)Multi-year project, launched August 2005Funded to March 2006 by the Technology & Innovation Research Program – NRCan (thank you!)Diverse study team: NRC-CHC, Triton Consultants, EC-MSC, DFO-BIO, Powertech Labs, OREG
TritonWorkplan for Year 1
Review international resource assessment studies and methodologiesAssemble and analyse existing data on winds, tidal currents and wave conditionsMap wave power and tidal power resourcesDevelop first-order estimates of Canadian tidal stream and wave energy resourcesConceptual design of the digital OE Atlas Communicate with stakeholdersDisseminate interim results
TritonWorkplan for year 2 and beyond (pending $)
Perform new modelling studies to fill gaps and improve resource definitionDetailed studies of promising high-energy sitesAssess impacts of potential developments (effects of energy extraction)Estimate recoverable resourcesDevelop the interactive digital Ocean Energy AtlasLaunch the Ocean Energy Atlas websiteIncorporate new dataCommunicate with stakeholdersDisseminate results
TritonKey data sources so far (thank you!)
Marine Environmental Data Service (MEDS)Meteorological Service of Canada (MSC)Bedford Institute of Oceanography (BIO)Canadian Wind Energy AtlasTriton ConsultantsPrevious studies
EPRI (2004, 2005)Triton (2002)UBC (1994)NRC (1978, 1980)+ others
Triton Wave Energy Resources - MethodologyAnalyse direct wave measurements (68 sites, various durations)Analyse AES40 wave hindcast (0.625° by 0.833°resolution, 5 years)Analyse WW3-WNA wave hindcast (0.25° degree resolution, 5 years)Analyse WW3-ENP wave hindcast (0.25° degree resolution, 3 years)Inter-compare resultsDefine annual mean values plus temporal and spatial variationsMapping
Triton
source: Atlas of UK Marine Renewable Resources
UK Wave Energy Resources~30 kW/m near SW England~40 kW/m near Outer Hebrides
Triton Analysis of wave buoy measurementsConsidered all available stations in the NW Atlantic and NE Pacific (68 sites)Considered 110 combinations (bins) of Hs and TpComputed frequency of occurrence and wave energy flux for each bin based on Hs, Tp and water depth
Obtained wave power estimates for different time periods (months, seasons, years)
)(16
2egs TCHgP ρ
≈ Te ≈ 0.9Tp
Triton
1.54.
57.5
10.513.516
.519.522
.525.528
.5 10.5
8.5
6.5
4.5
2.5
0.5
0
200
400
600
800
1,000
1,200
1,400
Ener
gy fl
ux (k
W/m
)
Tp (s) Hs (m)
Variation of wave power with period and height
Triton
Annual mean waveenergy flux (kW/m)derived from buoy data
Original datafrom MEDS
~54 kW/m
~32 kW/m
~43 kW/m
~45 kW/m
~45 kW/m
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Seasonal variation in wave power –Pacific stations
0.0
0.5
1.0
1.5
2.0
2.5
Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec
Month
Norm
aliz
ed w
ave
pow
erC46004C46036meds503wC46184C46207C46147meds211C46208C46205meds226C46132meds103C46204C46185meds502wC46145meds213C46183
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Annual mean waveenergy flux (kW/m)derived from buoy data
Original datafrom MEDS
~43 kW/m
~37 kW/m
~26 kW/m
~24 kW/m
~10 kW/m
TritonSeasonal variation in wave power –
Atlantic stations
0.0
0.5
1.0
1.5
2.0
2.5
Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec
Month
Nor
mal
ized
wav
e po
wer
WEL407
C44141
C44138
C44140
C44137
C44139
meds189
meds016
C44142
C44251
WEL416
WEL411
meds298
meds142
meds037
meds031
C44258
meds032
C44255
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winds, seas, swells0.625o by 0.833o resolution9,023 grid pointscovers the North Atlantic50 year simulation6 hour time intervalconsiders ice coverextensive validationrestricted to deep water data courtesy MSC
Annual mean wave power (kW/m) from
AES40 hindcast
TritonSeasonal variation in mean wave power (kW/m)
Winter Summer
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Annual mean wave power (kW/m) fromWW3-NWA hindcast
0.25° by 0.25° resolution54,000 grid pointsNW Atlantic up to 60°N3 hour time interval5+ year simulation
Considers ice coverApproximation of shallow water effectsExtensive validationData courtesy NOAA-MMAB
TritonMonthly mean wave power from buoy measurements and wave hindcasts,
Stn. C44140 (Tail of the Bank)
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Mea
n W
ave
Pow
er (k
W/m
) C44140
WW3-WNA
AES40
TritonMonthly distribution of energy flux near MEDS
Stn. C44140 (Tail of the Bank)
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
1 10 100 1,000Ef (kW/m)
Cum
ulat
ive
Pro
b. (%
)
Jan
Apr
July
Oct
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Annual mean wave power (kW/m)from WW3-ENP hindcast
0.25° by 0.25° resolution81,000 grid pointsNE Pacific3+ year simulation3 hour time intervalConsiders ice coverApproximation of shallow water effectsExtensive validationData courtesy NOAA-MMAB
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Monthly mean wave power from buoy measurements and wave hindcasts,
Stn. C46208 (West Moresby)
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Mea
n W
ave
Pow
er (k
W/m
)
C46208
WW3-ENP
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Canada’s Potential Offshore Wave Energy Resources
Line of
integration from
latitude to
Latitude Length
Mean annual wave power
Mean annual power density
deg deg km MW kW/m Pacific Ocean
200 mile limit 46.54 53.49 1,070 54,300 50.7 1,000m isobath 48.13 54.31 915 37,000 40.4
Atlantic Ocean 200 mile limit 40.0 45.0 1,660 62,667 37.8 200 mile limit 45.0 50.0 590 27,616 46.8 200 mile limit 50.0 55.0 600 29,079 48.5 200 mile limit 55.0 60.0 680 29,196 42.9 200 mile limit 60.0 65.0 570 12,062 21.2 200 mile limit 65.0 70.0 590 1,334 2.3 200 mile limit 40.0 70.0 4,690 161,955 34.5
Atlantic Ocean 1,000m isobath 41.1 45.0 1,840 61,897 33.6 1,000m isobath 45.0 50.0 800 36,603 45.8 1,000m isobath 50.0 55.0 660 24,955 37.8 1,000m isobath 55.0 60.0 760 16,024 21.1 1,000m isobath 60.0 64.1 540 7,047 13.0 1,000m isobath 41.1 64.1 4,600 146,525 31.9
~220% of Canada’s electricity demand
~55% of Canada’s electricity demand
TritonConclusions: Wave energy resources
Canada endowed with rich potential wave energy resourcesWave energy resources are spatially and temporally variable (greatest in deep water during winter)Potential Offshore resource: ~ 37,000MW in the Pacific and~ 145,000MW in the Atlantic (annual mean values)Potential Nearshore resource (annual mean values):
~35kW/m near the Queen Charlotte Islands (~9,600 MW)~25kW/m near Vancouver Island (~9,400 MW)~25kW/m near Sable Island (~1,000 MW)~25kW/m near SE Nfld (~9,000 MW)
Only a fraction of the potential resource is recoverableFurther work required to delineate important local variations inenergy potential close to shoreEffects of energy extraction should be assessed carefully on a case-by-case basis
TritonTidal Current Energy Resources - Methodology
Analysis of Tide Model ResultsAssemble and analyse results from 14 tide modelsCompute surface elevation, flow speed, power densityDefine annual mean values plus temporal and spatial variationsComprehensive statistics and mapping
Site Identification & Resource Inventory Identify passages and reaches with strong currentsDetermine basic parameters for each site (width, depth, maximum ebb and flood velocities during large tides)Estimate mean power density and mean powerMapping
Triton14 tide models
No. Name Abbrev. Source No. of
nodes
1 Vancouver Island VI Triton 132,0222 Queen Charlotte Isl. QC Triton 7,575 3 Hudson Bay HB1 Triton 45,230 4 Gulf of St. Lawrence GSL1 Triton 7,763 5 Bay of Fundy Fundy DFO - BIO 74,934 6 Bras d'Or Lakes BdO DFO - BIO 8,614 7 Newfoundland Shelf NS DFO - NAFC 10,927 8 Gulf of St. Lawrence GSL2 DFO - NAFC 7,734 9 Scotian Shelf SS DFO - WebTide 5,261
10 NW Atlantic NWA DFO - WebTide 17,055 11 Arctic Arctic DFO - WebTide 17,356 12 Hudson Bay HB2 DFO - WebTide 13,429 13 Quatsino Sound QS DFO - WebTide 43,118 14 NE Pacific NEP DFO - WebTide 51,330
Triton Analysis of Tide Model Results
( ) ( )∑=
−=M
iiii att
1
cos ωηη
( ) ( )∑=
−=M
iiii btutu
1cos ω
( ) ( )∑=
−=M
iiii ctvtv
1cos ω
( ) [ ] 2/122 )()( tvtuts +=
( ) )(21 3 tstp ρ=
Surface elevation
E-W component of depth averaged velocity
N-S component of depth averaged velocity
Depth averaged speed
Compute statistics including : min, max, mean, standard deviation, RMS, probability distributions
Depth averaged power density
TritonMean tide range (m)
Triton Southern Vancouver Island –grid and bathymetry132,022 nodes(source: Triton)
TritonRMS current speed (m/s)
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Mean tidal power density (kW/m2)
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Northern B.C. coast – grid and bathymetry, 51,330 nodes (source: DFO-WebTide)
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Mean tide range (m)
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Mean tidal power density (kW/m2)
Minas Passage
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Minas Passage
-10
-8
-6
-4
-2
0
2
4
6
8
10
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
Time (day)
Ele
vatio
n (m
)
-6
-4
-2
0
2
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16Time (day)
Vel
ocity
(m/s
)
4
6
(m)
E-W VelocityN-S Velocity
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16Time (day)
Spe
ed (m
/s)
-10
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16Time (day)
Pow
er D
ensi
ty (k
W/m
2 )
~ 1,900 MW of potential power
Elevation
Velocity
Speed
Power density
0%10%
20%30%
40%50%
60%70%
80%90%
100%
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80Energy Density (kW/m2)
Cum
. Pro
babi
lity
Power density
0%10%20%30%40%50%60%70%80%90%
100%
0.0 1.0 2.0 3.0 4.0 5.0 6.0
Cum
. Pro
babi
lity
Speed (m/s)
Speed
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Hudson Bay & Hudson Strait – grid and bathymetry,45,230 nodes (source: Triton)
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Mean tide range (m)
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Mean tidal power density (kW/m2)
Mill Isl. –Salisbury Isl.
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NW Atlantic – grid and bathymetry,17,055 nodes (source: DFO-WebTide) Mean tide range (m)
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Arctic – grid and bathymetry,17,356 nodes (source: DFO-WebTide)
Triton Mean tide range (m)
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Tidal Current Site Identification – Practical Methodology
Identify and locate all potential current power sites documented in the Sailing Directions and Tide and Current Tables for Canada. Estimate maximum flood and ebb current speeds.
Locate these potential sites on the 489 salt water digital charts available for Canada and estimate width and depth of flow.
Identify significant potential current sites not covered by digital charts, specifically Hudson’s Strait, Ungava Bay and Arctic Region. Review paper chart copies (from UBC map library) and estimate width and depth of flow.
Supplement chart data, particularly in remote regions, with satellite mapping data in Google Earth.
For large sites with limited (or non-existent) current measurement, estimate potential stream cross-sectional tidal current power from tidal model results.
A total of 260 sites were identified. 190 of these sites had an estimated tidal current power potential greater than 1 MW.
Triton Mean Power vs Peak Power and other important topics
Tidal current power potential reaches its (near) maximum value once or twice per day and peaks only a few times a year.
Tidal current power is very variable over a short time frame (ie a day) but is extremely predictable over many years.
Tidal current power is a function of roughly the cube of the current speed. Power potential of a 1 m/s current is about 3% of a 3 m/s current.
All tidal power potential estimated for the Canada Ocean Energy is MEAN power available over say a period of I year or more.
Tidal current power potential is calculated in MEAN power available (MW) . These values can be converted to MW.hours by multiplying by 8,760.
Triton Classification of high tidal current areas
Tidal inlets (Minas Passage, Leaf Bay)Tidal passages (Active Pass, Strait of Belle Isle, Discovery Passage)Coastal geometry and bathymetric effects (Cape St. James, Race Rocks, headlands)
TritonFactors NOT presently included in the analysis
Environmental ImpactsTechnological developments and limitations in tidal power extractionClimate related factors (e.g. ice, global climate change)Site location vs. power grid, power demandHydrogen economy developmentsEconomic factors.
Triton Tidal Stations in Canada
TritonRepresentative BC Tidal Curves
VICTORIA
VANCOUVER
CAMPBELL RIVER
PRINCE RUPERT
NORTH DEVON, ENGLAND
0
2
4
6
8
10
1-Jan 8-Jan 15-Jan 22-Jan 29-Jan
Heigh
t (m)
-10
-5
0
5
10
1-Jan 8-Jan 15-Jan 22-Jan 29-Jan
Cur
rent
(m/s)
0
2
4
6
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1-Jan 8-Jan 15-Jan 22-Jan 29-Jan
Heigh
t (m)
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1-Jan 8-Jan 15-Jan 22-Jan 29-Jan
Cur
rent
(m/s)
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1-Jan 8-Jan 15-Jan 22-Jan 29-Jan
Heigh
t (m)
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1-Jan 8-Jan 15-Jan 22-Jan 29-Jan
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rent
(m/s)
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1-Jan 8-Jan 15-Jan 22-Jan 29-Jan
Heigh
t (m)
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1-Jan 8-Jan 15-Jan 22-Jan 29-Jan
Cur
rent
(m/s)
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1-Jan 8-Jan 15-Jan 22-Jan 29-Jan
Cur
rent
(m/s)
0
2
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1-Jan 8-Jan 15-Jan 22-Jan 29-Jan
Heigh
t (m)
Triton
Tidal Current Power – the critical equation (?)
3secsec 2
1 UAP tioncrosstioncross ρ=
Where
P = theoretical instantaneous power in cross-section (W)
ρ = density of water (kg/ m3)
U = instantaneous current velocity (m/s)
A = flow cross sectional area (m2 )
Triton Sensitivity of Power to Current Speed
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20
Current Speed (kts)
Pow
er D
ensi
ty (k
W)
0
100
200
300
400
500
6000 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
Current Speed (m/s)
Pow
er D
ensi
ty (k
W)
Dis
cove
ry P
assa
ge
Sech
elt
Rap
ids
25 kW
250 kW
7 kts 15 kts
Triton Site-by-site inventory - methodology
285.0max
ef VVU
+=
( ) ( )23
23
max3
max UaUap ef +=
πρ
pwhP ave=
af = 0.9, ae = 0.7 elsewhere (semi-diurnal tides)
af = 0.9, ae = 0.6 in northern B.C.
af = 0.9, ae = 0.5 in southern B.C. (diurnal tides)
Mean maximum depth averaged current speed
Annual mean power density
Annual mean potential power
TritonCanada Potential Tidal Current Energy Sites by Region
Region Potential Tidal Current Energy
(MW) Vancouver Island Mainland
3,580
Pacific Mainland North 353Queen Charlotte Islands 81Arctic 1,008Hudson Strait 29,595Ungava 4,112St. Lawrence River 153Gulf of St Lawrence 537Atlantic North 65Atlantic South 30Bay of Fundy 2,725TOTAL 42,240
TritonCanada Potential Tidal Current sites by Province & Territory
Province Potential Tidal Current Energy
(MW)
Number of Sites
(-)
Average Size (MW)
Northwest Territories
35 4 9
British Columbia 4,015 89 45Quebec 4,288 16 268Nunavut 30,567 34 899New Brunswick 636 14 45PEI 33 4 8Nova Scotia 2,122 15 141Newfoundland 544 15 36TOTAL 42,240 191 221
~63% of Canada’s electricity demand
Triton
Canada Tidal Current Power Sites (largest sites)
Region Province Site Name
Chart
Latitude
Longitude
Current Station
Max. Speed
Flood (knots)
Max. Speed Ebb
(knots)
Mean M
ax. D
epth Ave.
Speed (m/s)
Mean Pow
er D
ensity (kW
/m2)
Passage Width
(m)
Average D
epth of Passage (m
)
Flow C
ross-sectional A
rea (m
2)
Mean Potential Pow
er (MW
)
Hudson Strait Nunavut Mill Island-Salisbury Island 5450 63.81 -77.50 8 8 0.887 32054 204 6571070 10426
Hudson Strait Nunavut Mill Island-Baffin Island 5450 64.15 -77.57 8 8 1.020 26125 229 6008750 7584
Hudson Strait Nunavut Gray Strait 5456 60.54 -64.69 6 6 2.63 2.110 6000 550 3307800 6979
Hudson Strait Nunavut Nottingham Island-Ungava 5450 62.83 -77.93 8 8 0.136 64098 228 1467844
2 1972
Bay of Fundy Nova Scotia Minas Basin 4010 45.35 -64.40 7.5 7.5 3.28 6.036 4376 56 274113 1903
Hudson Strait Nunavut Salisbury Island-Nottingham Island 5450 63.45 -77.41 8 8 0.360 22146 147 3277608 1704
Ungava Quebec Smoky Narrows 5468 58.92 -69.27 12 12 5.25 16.880 1500 55 92400 1560 Ungava Quebec Algernine Narrows 5468 58.79 -69.60 10 10 4.38 9.768 2000 59 130400 1274 Vancouver Island Mainland
British Columbia Seymour Narrows 353902 50.13 -125.35 5000 16 14 6.56 18.160 769 41 33331 786
Hudson Strait Nunavut Lacy/Lawson Islands 5456 60.60 -64.62 7 7 3.06 3.351 2750 80 223575 749
Ungava Quebec Riviere George Entrance 5335 58.76 -66.12 8 8 3.50 5.001 3000 35 125100 626
Gulf of St Lawrence Newfoundland Strait of Belle Isle 4020 51.45 -56.68 0.201 26069 49 1298236 373
Vancouver Island Mainland
British Columbia N. Boundary Passage 346201 48.79 -123.01 4 4 1.75 0.498 5158 140 734949 366
Vancouver Island Mainland
British Columbia Discovery Pass. S. 353901 50.00 -125.21 7 7 3.06 3.676 1459 42 65626 327
Arctic Nunavut Labrador Narrows 7487 69.71 -82.59 6 6 2.63 2.110 1500 100 151950 321 Vancouver Island Mainland
British Columbia Boundary passage 344101 48.69 -123.27 3.5 3.5 1.53 0.334 4472 175 793760 265
Ungava Quebec Riviere Arnaud (Payne) Entrance 5352 59.98 -69.84 9 9 3.94 7.121 2300 9 32200 229
Bay of Fundy New Brunswick Clarks Ground 4340 44.59 -66.64 6 6 2.63 2.110 4092 22 102300 216
Vancouver Island Mainland
British Columbia Current Passage 2 354401 50.39 -125.86 6 6 2.63 1.681 1502 80 123931 208
Vancouver Island Mainland
British Columbia Weyton Passage 354601 50.59 -126.82 6 6 2.63 1.681 1535 75 118985 200
TritonCanada Tidal Current Power Sites (ranked by power density)
Region Province Site Name
Chart
Latitude
Longitude
Current Station
Max. Speed
Flood (knots)
Max. Speed Ebb
(knots)
Mean M
ax. D
epth Ave.
Speed (m/s)
Mean Pow
er D
ensity (kW
/m2)
Passage Width
(m)
Average D
epth of Passage (m
)
Flow C
ross-sectional A
rea (m
2)
Mean Potential Pow
er (MW
)
Pacific Mainland North
British Columbia Nakwakto Rapids 355001 51.10 -127.50 6700 14 16 6.56 29.062 434 10 5643 164
Vancouver Island Mainland
British Columbia Secheldt Rapids 2 351403 49.74 -123.90 9999 14.
5 16 6.67 27.599 261 8 2739 76
Vancouver Island Mainland
British Columbia Seymour Narrows 353902 50.13 -125.35 5000 16 14 6.56 18.160 769 41 33331 786
Ungava Quebec Smoky Narrows 5468 58.92 -69.27 12 12 5.25 16.880 1500 55 92400 1560
Bay of Fundy New Brunswick Reversing Falls 4141 45.26 -66.09 12 12 5.25 16.880 90 15 1746 29
Pacific Mainland North
British Columbia Kildidt Narrows 393701 51.89 -128.11 12 12 5.25 14.880 75 2 375 6
Vancouver Island Mainland
British Columbia Arran Rapids 354301 50.42 -125.14 5600 14 10 5.25 13.447 271 22 6629 89
Vancouver Island Mainland
British Columbia Gillard Passage 1 354301 50.39 -125.16 5500 13 10 5.03 11.835 237 16 4393 52
Ungava Quebec Algernine Narrows 5468 58.79 -69.60 10 10 4.38 9.768 2000 59 130400 1274 Vancouver Island Mainland
British Columbia Hole-in-the-Wall 1 353901 50.30 -125.21 5100 12 9.5 4.70 9.667 189 8 1985 19
Vancouver Island Mainland
British Columbia Yaculta Rapids 354301 50.38 -125.15 10 10 4.38 7.782 539 20 12135 94
Ungava Quebec Riviere Arnaud (Payne) Entrance 5352 59.98 -69.84 9 9 3.94 7.121 2300 9 32200 229
Ungava Quebec Nakertok Narrows 5352 60.00 -70.27 9 9 3.94 7.121 1100 6 12100 86 Ungava Quebec Mikitok Narrows 5352 60.00 -70.27 9 9 3.94 7.121 700 8 9590 68
Atlantic South Newfoundland Placentia Gut 4841 47.25 -53.96 9 9 3.94 7.121 80 3 336 2
Vancouver Island Mainland
British Columbia Dent Rapids 354301 50.41 -125.21 5530 11 8 4.16 6.672 420 45 19955 133
Pacific Mainland North
British Columbia Draney Narrows` 393102 51.47 -127.56 9 9 3.94 6.277 139 8 1463 9
Pacific Mainland North
British Columbia Hidden Inlet 399401 54.95 -130.33 9 9 3.94 6.277 142 3 781 5
Bay of Fundy Nova Scotia Minas Basin 4010 45.35 -64.40 7.5 7.5 3.28 6.036 4376 56 274113 1903
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Canada Potential Tidal Current Resource Sites
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Potential Tidal Current Sites – Pacific Coast
TritonPotential Tidal Current Sites – Hudson’s Strait & Ungava Bay
TritonPotential Tidal Current Sites – Atlantic Coast
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Tidal Current Power Density – Pacific Coast
TritonTidal Current Power Density – Discovery Passage Region (B.C.)
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Tidal Current Power Density – Hudson’s Strait
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Tidal Current Power Density – Bay of Fundy North
TritonConclusions: Tidal current energy resources
Canada endowed with rich potential tidal resourcesTidal resource is highly predictable and reliableLarge spatial and temporal variability190 sites and ~42,200MW in Canada89 sites and ~4,000MW in B.C.34 sites and ~30,500MW in NunavutMinas Passage: ~1,900 MW mean power with a mean power density of ~6.4 kW/m2
Only a fraction of the resource is recoverableImpacts of energy extraction should be assessed carefully on a site-by-site basis
Triton Next StepsNew wave modelling studies to quantify and map nearshore wave energy resourcesNew tide modelling studies to improve accuracy and detail of initial workInvestigate impacts of extracting energy from tidal flows and waves at leading sitesCreate a web-enabled digital atlas of Canada’s marine renewable energy resourcesSecure continued funding to undertake this work
TritonNearshore Wave Modelling - Example
Triton
Triton Ocean Energy Atlas – Potential ContentWave climate and wave energy, including spatial and temporal variationsTides, tidal currents, tidal current energy, including spatial and temporal variationsCoastal and offshore winds, including spatial and temporal variationsIce conditions, including temporal and spatial variationsWater depth, sediments, surface geologyShipping lanes, parks, protected areas, fishing grounds, aquaculture leases, other leasesCommunities, ports, roads, electricity transmission grid, political boundariesOTEC + Tidal Barrages + others ?
TritonOcean Energy Atlas - Preliminary Architecture
Database
Public WEB Interface
GIS EnSim
Data Data Computer models
-Analysis tools-Interactive mapping
-Analysis tools -Analysis tools-Modelling tools
PublicTechnical
TritonWho will use the Ocean Energy Atlas ?Developers of OE projects and technologies (site identification)Governments and NGO’s (to help shape renewable energy policy) Scientists and engineers (environmental assessment, technical analysis)Energy companies, power utilities, regulatorsCommunities and municipalitiesCoastal resource managersStudents and teachersMedia
Triton
Thank you !
Andrew Cornett(613) 993 6690
Michael Tarbotton(604) 263 3500
